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Step 1 - Immunology > Immunosupressants > Flashcards

Immunosupressants Flashcards

1
Q

Agents that block lymphocyte activation and proliferatino

A

Immunosuppressants

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2
Q

Immunosuppresants are useful as profylaxis of ____ transplant rejection

A

Acute

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3
Q

Calcineurin inhibitors

A

Cyclosporin

Tacrolimus (FK506)

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4
Q

Cyclosporin binds to

A

Cyclophilin

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5
Q

Prevent IL-2 transcription thus blocking T cell activation

A

Cyclosporine

Tacroliums (FK506)

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6
Q

Calcineurin inhibitors most common toxicity

A

Nephrotoxicity

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7
Q

Increases risk of DM

A

Tacrolimus

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8
Q

Gingival hiperplasia

A

Cyclosporine

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9
Q

Tacrolimus binds to

A

FK506 binding protein (FKBP)

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10
Q

Specifical prophylaxis for kidney transplant rejection

A

Sirolimus (Rapamycin)

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11
Q

mTOR inhibitor

A

Sirolimus

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12
Q

Blocks T cell activation and B cell differentiation by preventing response to IL-2

A

Sirolimus

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13
Q

Sirolimus binds

A

FKBP

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14
Q

Sirolimus (rapamycin) toxicity

A

Pancytopenia
Insulin resistance
Hyperlipidemia
NOT NEPHROTOXIC

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15
Q

Sirolimus kidney toxicity

A

NO kidney toxicity associated to sirolimus

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16
Q

Synergistic with cyclosporine

A

Sirolimus

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17
Q

Used in drug-eluting stents

A

Sirolimus: prevents cell proliferation that could block the stent

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18
Q

Monoclonal antibody that blocks IL-2R

A

Basiliximab (B=2nd letter of alphabet)

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19
Q

Inhibits lumphocyte prolferation by blocking nucleotide synthesis

A

Azathioprine

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20
Q

Precursor of 6 mercaptopurine

A

“AzathioPURINE”

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21
Q

Toxicity of azathioprine

A

Pancytopenia

22
Q

Increased toxicity with allopurinol

A

6 mercaptopurine, as it is degraded by xantine oxidase

23
Q

Reversibly inhibits IMP dehydrogenase, preventing purine synthesis of B and T cells

A

Mycophenolate mofetil

24
Q

Inhibit NF-kappaBetta

A

Corticosteroids

25
Q

Corticosteroids toxicity

A 
Cushing syndrome
Osteoporosis
Hyperglycemia: diabetes
Amenorrhea
Adenocortical atrophy
Peptic ulcers
Psychosis
Cataracts
Avascular necrosis: femoral head
26
Q

IL2R antagonists

A

Basiliximab

Daclizumab

27
Q

Cytokine used to recover bone marrow and WBC counts by granulocyte stimulation

A

FilGRAstim: GRAnulocyte (G-CSF)

28
Q

Cytokine used to recover bone marrow and WBC counts by granulocyte and monocyte stimulation

A

SaGRA-MOstim: Granulocytes and monocytes (GM-CSF)

29
Q

Cytokine used to treat chronic granulomatous disease

A

IFN gamma

30
Q

Cytokine used to treat thombocytopenia

A

Rombiplostim: thrombopoyetin analog
Eltrombopag: thrombopoyetin receptor agonist
Oprelvekin (IL-11)

31
Q

Cytokine used to treat multiple sclerosis

A

IFN beta

32
Q

Cytokine used to treat chronic hepatitis A and B
Kaposi sarcoma
Malignant melanoma

A

IFN alpha

33
Q

Cytokine used to anemias, especially in renal failure

A

Erythropoietin: epoetin alpha

34
Q

Cytokine used to treat renal cell carcinoma and metastasic melanoma

A

Aldesleukin (IL-2)

35
Q

Anti-VEGF

A

Bevacizumab

36
Q

Anti CD20

A

Rituximab

37
Q

Anti HER2

A

Trastuzumab: Tras2zumab

38
Q

ANti TNG alpha

A

Adalimumab
GOlimumab
Infliximab
Certolizumab

39
Q

Etanercept

A

Decoy TNF alpha receptor, not an ANTIBODY!

40
Q

Use of daclizumab

A

Relapsing multiple sclerosis

41
Q

Anti Complement protein C5

A

Eculizumab

42
Q

Use of eculizumab

A

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglibinuria

43
Q

Increases risk of PML in patients with JC virus

A

Natalizumab

44
Q

Anti alpha 4 integrin

A

Natalizumab

45
Q

Ustekinumab

A

Anti IL-12/23

46
Q

Anti RANKL

A

Denosumab: inhibits osteoclast maturations: mimics osteoprotegerin

47
Q

Anti IgE

A

Omalizumab

48
Q

Used in ARMD (DMAE)

A

Anti VEGF: bevacizumab

49
Q

RSV prophylaxis for high risk infants

A

Palivizumab: RSV F protein

50
Q

Anti platelet glycopreints IIb/IIIa

A

Abciximab: antiplatelet agent for prevention of ischemic complications in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

51
Q

Used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

A

Alemtuzumab: anti CD52

Step 1 - Immunology (4 decks)

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