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Step 1 - Immunology > Immunosupressants > Flashcards

Immunosupressants Flashcards

1
Q

Agents that block lymphocyte activation and proliferatino

A

Immunosuppressants

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2
Q

Immunosuppresants are useful as profylaxis of ____ transplant rejection

A

Acute

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3
Q

Calcineurin inhibitors

A

Cyclosporin

Tacrolimus (FK506)

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4
Q

Cyclosporin binds to

A

Cyclophilin

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5
Q

Prevent IL-2 transcription thus blocking T cell activation

A

Cyclosporine

Tacroliums (FK506)

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6
Q

Calcineurin inhibitors most common toxicity

A

Nephrotoxicity

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7
Q

Increases risk of DM

A

Tacrolimus

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8
Q

Gingival hiperplasia

A

Cyclosporine

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9
Q

Tacrolimus binds to

A

FK506 binding protein (FKBP)

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10
Q

Specifical prophylaxis for kidney transplant rejection

A

Sirolimus (Rapamycin)

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11
Q

mTOR inhibitor

A

Sirolimus

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12
Q

Blocks T cell activation and B cell differentiation by preventing response to IL-2

A

Sirolimus

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13
Q

Sirolimus binds

A

FKBP

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14
Q

Sirolimus (rapamycin) toxicity

A

Pancytopenia
Insulin resistance
Hyperlipidemia
NOT NEPHROTOXIC

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15
Q

Sirolimus kidney toxicity

A

NO kidney toxicity associated to sirolimus

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16
Q

Synergistic with cyclosporine

A

Sirolimus

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17
Q

Used in drug-eluting stents

A

Sirolimus: prevents cell proliferation that could block the stent

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18
Q

Monoclonal antibody that blocks IL-2R

A

Basiliximab (B=2nd letter of alphabet)

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19
Q

Inhibits lumphocyte prolferation by blocking nucleotide synthesis

A

Azathioprine

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20
Q

Precursor of 6 mercaptopurine

A

“AzathioPURINE”

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21
Q

Toxicity of azathioprine

A

Pancytopenia

22
Q

Increased toxicity with allopurinol

A

6 mercaptopurine, as it is degraded by xantine oxidase

23
Q

Reversibly inhibits IMP dehydrogenase, preventing purine synthesis of B and T cells

A

Mycophenolate mofetil

24
Q

Inhibit NF-kappaBetta

A

Corticosteroids

25
Corticosteroids toxicity
``` Cushing syndrome Osteoporosis Hyperglycemia: diabetes Amenorrhea Adenocortical atrophy Peptic ulcers Psychosis Cataracts Avascular necrosis: femoral head ```
26
IL2R antagonists
Basiliximab | Daclizumab
27
Cytokine used to recover bone marrow and WBC counts by granulocyte stimulation
FilGRAstim: GRAnulocyte (G-CSF)
28
Cytokine used to recover bone marrow and WBC counts by granulocyte and monocyte stimulation
SaGRA-MOstim: Granulocytes and monocytes (GM-CSF)
29
Cytokine used to treat chronic granulomatous disease
IFN gamma
30
Cytokine used to treat thombocytopenia
Rombiplostim: thrombopoyetin analog Eltrombopag: thrombopoyetin receptor agonist Oprelvekin (IL-11)
31
Cytokine used to treat multiple sclerosis
IFN beta
32
Cytokine used to treat chronic hepatitis A and B Kaposi sarcoma Malignant melanoma
IFN alpha
33
Cytokine used to anemias, especially in renal failure
Erythropoietin: epoetin alpha
34
Cytokine used to treat renal cell carcinoma and metastasic melanoma
Aldesleukin (IL-2)
35
Anti-VEGF
Bevacizumab
36
Anti CD20
Rituximab
37
Anti HER2
Trastuzumab: Tras2zumab
38
ANti TNG alpha
Adalimumab GOlimumab Infliximab Certolizumab
39
Etanercept
Decoy TNF alpha receptor, not an ANTIBODY!
40
Use of daclizumab
Relapsing multiple sclerosis
41
Anti Complement protein C5
Eculizumab
42
Use of eculizumab
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglibinuria
43
Increases risk of PML in patients with JC virus
Natalizumab
44
Anti alpha 4 integrin
Natalizumab
45
Ustekinumab
Anti IL-12/23
46
Anti RANKL
Denosumab: inhibits osteoclast maturations: mimics osteoprotegerin
47
Anti IgE
Omalizumab
48
Used in ARMD (DMAE)
Anti VEGF: bevacizumab
49
RSV prophylaxis for high risk infants
Palivizumab: RSV F protein
50
Anti platelet glycopreints IIb/IIIa
Abciximab: antiplatelet agent for prevention of ischemic complications in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
51
Used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Alemtuzumab: anti CD52

Step 1 - Immunology (4 decks)

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