Lymphatics

Question 1

List three (3) lymphatic organs

Answer 1

1. Spleen
2. Thymus
3. Tonsils

Question 2

The _____ and _____ return lymph to the venous system at the root of the neck.

Answer 2

right lymphatic duct, left lymphatic duct (thoracic duct)

Question 3

List the nine (9) lymphatic trunks in the body

Answer 3

1, 2. Left & Right Lumbar Lymphatic Trunks
3. Intestinal Lymphatic Trunk
4,5. Left & Right Subclavian Lymphatic Trunks
6,7. Left & Right Bronchomediastinal Lymphatic Trunks
8,9. Left & Right Jugular Trunks

Question 4

The left jugular trunk drains lymph to the _____, while the right jugular trunk drains lymph to the _____.

Answer 4

thoracic duct, right lymphatic duct

Question 5

The right lymphatic duct drains lymph from the upper right side of the body, via the _____, _____, and _____.

Answer 5

right bronchomediastinal, right subclavian, right jugular lymphatic trunks

Question 6

The left lymphatic duct (thoracic duct) empties into the _____, while the right lymphatic duct drains into the corresponding _____.

Answer 6

left venous angle, right venous angle

Question 7

_____ act as filtering mechanisms from the lymph and also produce _____ and _____.

Answer 7

Lymph nodes, lymphocytes, antibodies

Question 8

Lymphatic vessels are not located in the _____, _____, _____, _____, _____, and the _____.

Answer 8

cartilage, bone, epidermis, eyeball, internal ear, central nervous system

Question 9

List five (5) factors that are involved in the movement of lymph from tissue spaces to nodes and the venous system

Answer 9

1. The filtration pressure in the tissue space, generated by the filtration of fluid from the blood capillaries
2. The contraction of surrounding muscles
3. Pulsation from nearby arteries causing lymph capillary compression
4. Respiratory movements
5. Smooth muscle in the walls of the lymph trunks

Question 10

_____ is a condition in which the lymphatic vessels become inflamed due to bacterial infection. Painful reddish streaks may appear beneath the skin if the infection is in a _____. Surrounding lymph nodes may also become greatly enlarged and painful, resulting in a condition called _____.

Answer 10

Lymphangitis; superficial lymphatic vessel; lymphadenitis

Question 11

List the six (6) groups of lymph nodes that make up the Pericervical ring, from posterior to anterior

Answer 11

1. Occipital nodes
2. Retroauricular nodes
3. Parotid nodes
4. Buccal nodes
5. Submandibular nodes
6. Submental nodes

Question 12

The pericervical lymph nodes drain to the _____, with the exception of the buccal and mental nodes.

Answer 12

deep cervical nodes

Question 13

The _____ of the deep cervical nodes is classified as a superior deep cervical node. It drains the _____ tonsil and _____.

Answer 13

Jugulodigastric node; palatine, nasopharynx

Question 14

The _____ is classified as an inferior deep cervical node. It is especially concerned with _____ drainage.

Answer 14

Juguloomohyoid; tongue

Question 15

The _____ or _____ nodes receive drainage from the vast majority of body regions, since they sit in the final common pathway of lymphatic drainage from the entire body. Cancer arising from the _____, _____, and _____ may present in these nodes, which are not typically palpable.

Answer 15

Supraclavicular, Sentinel; lungs, esophagus, stomach

Question 16

Lymph from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue typically drain into _____ nodes and _____ nodes, but might bypass the pericervical nodes to drain directly into the _____.

Answer 16

submental, submandibular, deep cervical nodes

Question 17

The posterior 1/3 of the tongue drains directly into the _____.

Answer 17

deep cervical nodes

Question 18

Lymph from maxillary teeth drains into the _____.

Answer 18

buccal nodes

Question 19

Lymph from the mandibular teeth drains posteriorly through the _____ to the _____.

Answer 19

mandibular canal, deep cervical chain.

Question 20

Lymph from the anterior part of the nasal cavity drains into _____.

Answer 20

submandibular nodes

Question 21

The posterior nasal cavity, sinuses, and nasopharynx drain directly into the _____, or indirectly via the _____ and _____ nodes.

Answer 21

deep cervical chain, parotid, retropharyngeal nodes

Question 22

Lymph drainage of the pharynx and esophagus is through the _____ nodes , _____ nodes, or directly to the _____.

Answer 22

retropharyngeal, paratracheal, deep cervical chain