Face & Parotid Gland

Question 1

List the four (4) paired bones of the facial skeleton

Answer 1

1. Nasal bones
2. Zygomatic bones
3. Maxilla
4. Palatine bones

Question 2

List the one (1) unpaired bone of the facial skeleton

Answer 2

1. Mandible

Question 3

The _____ is known as the great sensory nerve of the face. Portions of the scalp and neck not covered by its dermatome are innervated by _____.

Answer 3

trigeminal nerve; cervical spinal nerves

Question 4

The _____ is the superior subdivision of the trigeminal nerve.

Answer 4

Ophthalmic nerve (CN V1)

Question 5

The ophthalmic nerve provides cutaneous innervation of the face and scalp via the _____, _____, _____, and the _____.

Answer 5

frontal nerve, lacrimal nerve (palpebral br), infratrochlear nerve, anterior ethmoidal nerve (external nasal br)

Question 6

The _____ consists of the _____ and _____ nerves which innervate the skin and scalp superior to the eye.

Answer 6

frontal nerve, supratrochelar, supraorbital

Question 7

The _____ of the _____ innervates the corner of the orbit and superior lid.

Answer 7

palpebral branch, lacrimal nerve

Question 8

The _____ innervates the medial aspect of the eye and the proximal nose.

Answer 8

infratrochlear nerve

Question 9

The _____ of the _____ innervates the distal nose.

Answer 9

external nasal branch, anterior ethmoidal nerve

Question 10

_____ is a viral infection of the area of the face supplied by the ophthalmic nerve. Spread of infection within the orbit to cranial nerves _____, _____, and _____ may lead to partial paralysis of their associated structures.

Answer 10

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus; III, IV, VI

Question 11

The _____, the intermediate subdivision of CN V, provides cutaneous innervation of the face via the _____ and _____ nerves.

Answer 11

maxillary nerve (CN V2), infraorbital, zygomatic

Question 12

The _____ innervates the skin inferior to the eye, the lower lid, and the lateral portion of the nose.

Answer 12

infraorbital nerve

Question 13

The _____ innervates the skin lateral to the eye, while the _____ innervates the skin superolateral to the eye.

Answer 13

zygomaticofacial, zygomaticotemporal

Question 14

Local anesthesia of the middle face is often accomplished by local anesthetic infiltration of the _____ in the _____.

Answer 14

infraorbital nerve, infraorbital foramen

Question 15

_____ is a condition characterized by sudden attacks of excruciating pain that are initiated by touching one of the skin fields innervated by the trigeminal nerve (often the maxillary nerve).

Answer 15

Trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)

Question 16

The _____ is the inferior subdivision of CN V which provides cutaneous innervation of the face via the _____, _____, and _____ nerves.

Answer 16

mandibular nerve (CN V3), auriculotemporal, mental, buccal

Question 17

The _____ innervates the skin and scalp immediately anterior to the ear.

Answer 17

auriculotemporal nerve

Question 18

The _____ is the terminal branch of the _____ and innervates the skin of the chin.

Answer 18

mental nerve, inferior alveolar nerve

Question 19

The _____ innervates the skin of the lateral face.

Answer 19

buccal nerve

Question 20

The scalp is moved via the contraction of the _____.

Answer 20

occipitofrontalis muscle

Question 21

The _____ and _____ act upon the skin of the forehead.

Answer 21

procerus, corrugator supercilii muscles

Question 22

The orbital and palpebral portion of the _____ move the skin covering the eye.

Answer 22

orbicularis oculi

Question 23

The transverse and alar portions of the _____ and and the _____ act upon the nose.

Answer 23

nasalis, depressor septi nasi muscle

Question 24

The _____ is the sphincter muscle of the mouth.

Answer 24

orbicularis oris

Question 25

The _____, _____, and _____ elevate the upper lip.

Answer 25

levator labii superioris, levator labii superioris alaque nasi, levator anguli oris

Question 26

The _____ and _____ obliquely elevate the corner of the mouth.

Answer 26

zygomaticus major, zygomaticus minor

Question 27

The _____ acts to pull the corner of the mouth posteriorly.

Answer 27

risorius

Question 28

The _____ depresses the lower lip.

Answer 28

depressor labii inferioris

Question 29

The _____ depresses the corner of the mouth

Answer 29

depressor anguli oris

Question 30

The _____ forms the lateral wall of the mouth.

Answer 30

buccinator

Question 31

The _____ elevates the chin.

Answer 31

mentalis

Question 32

The _____ forms the lateral aspect of the face and neck.

Answer 32

platysma

Question 33

The _____, _____, and _____ muscles act on the external ear.

Answer 33

anterior, superior, and posterior auricularis

Question 34

The facial nerve exits the skull via the _____ where it gives off branches to innervate the muscles of facial expression.

Answer 34

stylomastoid foramen

Question 35

The small _____ branches off immediately after the facial nerve exits the stylomastoid foramen to innervate the _____ and the _____ of the occipitofrontalis.

Answer 35

posterior auricular nerve, posterior auricular muscles, occipital belly

Question 36

The main branch of the facial nerve divides into _____ and _____ divisions, which form five terminal branches.

Answer 36

temporofacial, cervicofacial

Question 37

The _____ of the facial nerve innervates the frontal belly of the _____ as well as the _____, _____, and _____.

Answer 37

temporal branch, occipitofrontalis, orbicularis oculi, corrugator supercilii, anterior and superior auricular muscles

Question 38

The _____ of the facial nerve innervates the _____, _____, and infraorbital muscles.

Answer 38

zygomatic branch, zygomatic, orbital

Question 39

The _____ of the facial nerve supplies the _____, upper lip, and _____.

Answer 39

buccal branch, buccinator, nostril muscles

Question 40

The _____ of the facial nerve innervates the _____ and chin.

Answer 40

mandibular branch, lower lip

Question 41

The _____ of the facial nerve supplies the platysma.

Answer 41

cervical branch

Question 42

_____ refers to paresis (weakness) or paralysis of the facial muscles with no obvious injury. This may occur following inflammation of the facial nerve at the stylomastoid foramen.

Answer 42

Bell’s palsy

Question 43

The external carotid artery supplies the face and scalp via the _____, _____, _____, and _____.

Answer 43

facial, maxillary, superficial temporal, transverse facial arteries

Question 44

The facial artery provides the majority of blood supply to the face via the _____, _____, _____, and _____.

Answer 44

submental, inferior labial, superior labial, lateral nasal arteries

Question 45

The internal carotid artery provides blood supply to the face via the _____ and _____ branches of the ophthalmic artery.

Answer 45

supraorbital, supratrochlear

Question 46

Venous drainage of the face and scalp is provided primarily by the facial vein and its branches, specifically the _____, _____, and _____.

Answer 46

transverse facial vein, superficial temporal vein, orbital veins.

Question 47

The facial vein is richly anastomotic with the _____ and _____.

Answer 47

infraorbital, superior ophthalmic veins

Question 48

The scalp is drained via branches of the _____, _____, _____ and _____.

Answer 48

superficial temporal, occipital, supratrochlear, supraorbital veins

Question 49

The danger area of the face describes a region centered on the midline nose and eyes whose venous drainage communicates with the _____ of the brain.

Answer 49

cavernous sinus

Question 50

List the five (5) layers of the scalp

Answer 50

1. Skin
2. Connective tissue
3. Galea aponeurotica
4. Loose areolar tissue
5. Pericranium