Lymphatic system histology

Question 1

What are the three functions of the lymphatic system?

Answer 1

1. Drain Excess Interstitial Fluid and return it to blood stream to help
   maintain normal blood volume
2. Immune Response – produce, maintain, and distribute lymphocytes
3. Provide an Alternative Transportation Route for Hormones, Nutrients, and Waste Products

Question 2

What do B cells do?

Answer 2

They produce and secrete antibodies along with their derivative cell- humoral immunity- these make up 20-30% of circulating lymphocytes

Question 3

What do T cells do?

Answer 3

After differentiation in the thymus they attach to and destroy cells- cell mediated immunity- these make up 60-80% of circulating lymphocytes

Question 4

What do natural killer cells do?

Answer 4

They kill transformed cells- these make up 5-10% of circulating lymphcytes

Question 5

Does diffuse lymphatic tissue have a capsule?

Answer 5

No

Question 6

What is diffuse lymphatic tissue made of?

Answer 6

It is the accumulation of lymphocytes in the lamina propria of the alimentary canal, as well as respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts

Question 7

In diffuse lymphatic tissue, will you find plasma cells or eosinophils?

Answer 7

Yes

Question 8

What are lymphatic nodules and where are they found?

Answer 8

Accumulations of lymphocytes found in the wall of alimentary canal, as well as respiratory urinary and reproductive tracts

Question 9

Do lymphatic nodules have a capsule? Are they sharply defined?

Answer 9

No

Yes

Question 10

Will you see red blood cells in lymph?

Answer 10

No

Question 11

What are the two types of lymphatic nodules? How are they differentiated?

Answer 11

Primary nodules- the aggregation of primarily small lymphocytes
Secondary nodules- have germinal center (with follicular dendritic cells present) and mantle zone

Question 12

T/F Normally lymphatic nodules are found uniformly dispersed and by themselves?

Answer 12

False- randomly dispersed by themselves

Question 13

T/F In certain locations of the alimentary canal, lymphatic nodules are grouped together?

Answer 13

True

Question 14

What are two examples of lymphatic nodules?

Answer 14

Tonsils- create a ring around the entrance to the oropharynx and the nasopharynx
Peyers patches- found in the ileum

Question 15

MALT stands for?
GALT stands for?
BALT stands for?

Answer 15

Mucous-associated lymphatic tissue
Gut-associated lymphatic tissue
Bronchus-associated lymphatic tissue

Question 16

Diffuse lymphatic tissue and nodules are named for _____.

Answer 16

The region or organ in which they apear

Question 17

What is a lymph node?

Answer 17

A capsuled organ along the pathway of the lymphatic vessels

Question 18

What does a lymph node do?

Answer 18

Acts as a filtering system

Question 19

Lamina propria is found in conjunction with which type of membrane?

Answer 19

Mucous

Question 20

For lymph nodes, what are the four cells of the reticular meshwork?

Answer 20

Reticular cells
Dendritic cells
Macrophages
Follicular dendritic cells

Question 21

What is the flow of lymph through the lymph node?

Answer 21

Afferent lymph vessel–subcapsular (cortical) sinus–Trabecular sinus–Medullary sinus–Efferent lymph vessel

Question 22

The thymus is the site of ______ _____ _____, a process through which T cells mature and differentiate into immunocompetent T cells.

Answer 22

thymic cell education

Question 23

What is the function of the spleen?

Answer 23

It filters and monitors the blood immunologically just as the lymph nodes monitor lymph

Question 24

The spleen consists of two parts- what are they?

Answer 24

Red pulp

White pulp

Question 25

What is the red pulp of the spleen?

Answer 25

It consists of blood filled venous sinuses surrounded by splenic cords. the cords consist of red blood cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and granulocytes

Question 26

What is the function of the red pulp of the spleen?

Answer 26

Its primary role is blood filtration

Question 27

What is the white pulp of the spleen?

Answer 27

It is lymphatic tissue consisting mostly of lymphocytes- lymphocytes aggregate around branches of the splenic artery.

Question 28

What is the purpose of the white pulps of the spleen?

Answer 28

To carry out immune functions similar to the lymph nodes

Question 29

In the superficial cortex of the lymph nodes, what types of lymphocytes are found there?

Answer 29

B cells

Question 30

What are the two types of structures in the medulla of lymph nodes?

Answer 30

Medullary cords | Medullary sinuses

Question 31

In the cortex of the lymph nodes, where are t cells found?

Answer 31

In the deep cortex

Question 32

T/F cords are groups of cells and sinuses will have lots of lymph flowing through them.

Answer 32

True

Question 33

The outer cortex contains what kind of lymphocytes?

Answer 33

B cells

Question 34

The inner cortex has what kind of lymphoctes?

Answer 34

T cells | Dendritic cells

Question 35

What are the cells of the medulla?

Answer 35

B cells

Question 36

What is the route of flow through the lymph node?

Answer 36

Afferent lymphatic vessel-- subcapsular sinus--trabecular sinus--medullary sinus-efferent lymphatic vessel