Lymphatic System Components

Question 1

functions of the lymphatic system

Answer 1

protecting your body from illness-causing invaders, maintaining body fluid levels, absorbing digestive tract fats and removing cellular waste

Question 2

primary structure

Answer 2

includes the bone marrow and thymus, consists of lymphatic vessels

Question 3

secondary structure

Answer 3

lymph nodes, the spleen, the tonsils and mucous membranes, where immune cells fight off infections

Question 4

is the lymphatic or thoracic larger?

Answer 4

thoracic

Question 5

spleen

Answer 5

filters and stores blood and produces white blood cells that fight infection or disease

Question 6

red pulp

Answer 6

made up of blood-filled cavities (venous sinuses) and splenic cords

Question 7

white pulp

Answer 7

mainly made up of white blood cells

Question 8

tonsils

Answer 8

they have the capability of stopping germs that enter through the mouth or nose, and they contain a lot of white blood cells which help to fight infection

Question 9

lymph nodes

Answer 9

filter substances that travel through the lymphatic fluid

Question 10

what is the origin of lymphocytes

Answer 10

Lymphocytes arise from stem cells in bone marrow

Question 11

non-specific defenses

Answer 11

repel all microorganisms equally

Question 12

physical barriers

Answer 12

prevent the entry and colonization of many microbes, skin is an example

Question 13

interferons

Answer 13

signaling proteins made and released by host cells in response to the presence of several viruses

Question 14

cytokines

Answer 14

regulate inflammation

Question 15

complement pathway

Answer 15

enhances the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microbes and damaged cells

Question 16

NK Cells

Answer 16

immune cell that has granules with enzymes that can kill tumor cells or cells infected with a virus

Question 17

specific defenses

Answer 17

recognizes and coordinates attacks against specific pathogens

Question 18

cell mediated immunity

Answer 18

activation of phagocytes, antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in response to an antigen

Question 19

helper t-cells

Answer 19

activate B cells to secrete antibodies and macrophages to destroy ingested microbes

Question 20

memory t-cells

Answer 20

trigger a faster and stronger immune response after encountering the same antigen

Question 21

cytotoxic t-cells

Answer 21

play a major role in host defense against viral infection

Question 22

regulatory t-cells

Answer 22

act to suppress immune response

Question 23

antibody mediated immunity

Answer 23

the activation of B cells and secretion of antibodies when in contact with a pathogen

Question 24

plasma cells

Answer 24

terminal differentiation step of mature B lymphocytes

Question 25

memory b-cells

Answer 25

Memory cells respond to antigen much faster, require lower amounts of antigen, and can even be induced in its absence by soluble mediators

Question 26

antibodies

Answer 26

produced in response to and counteracting a specific antigen

Question 27

types of immunity

Answer 27

the two major types are active and passive

Question 28

innate vs. aquired

Answer 28

innate immunity (which an organism is born with) and adaptive immunity (which an organism acquires following disease exposure)

Question 29

active vs. passive

Answer 29

Active immunity occurs when our own immune system is responsible, Passive immunity occurs when we are protected from a pathogen by immunity gained from someone else

Question 30

natural vs. artificial

Answer 30

Natural immunity occurs through contact with a disease causing agent, artificial immunity develops only through deliberate actions of exposure

Question 31

herd immunity

Answer 31

when a large portion of a community becomes immune to a disease

Question 32

how does a vaccine work?

Answer 32

weakened disease cells are entered via the injection, where the immune system responds by attacking the disease cells and creating memory cells to save the information for later

Question 33

lymphatic vs. cardiovascular system

Answer 33

both integral parts of the circulatory system, cardio system just moves blood around while the lymphatic system works with components of the blood