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BIO 192 > Blood Cells & Components > Flashcards

Blood Cells & Components Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Erythrocytes

A

red blood cells

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2
Q

platelets

A

small, colorless cell fragments in our blood that form clots and stop or prevent bleeding

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3
Q

leukocytes

A

white blood cells

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4
Q

neutrophils

A

leukocyte, most common, phagocytic, granulocyte, help fight infection by ingesting microorganisms and releasing enzymes

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5
Q

basophils

A

leukocyte, granulocyte, release enzymes

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6
Q

eosinophils

A

specifically fights parasitic infection

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7
Q

monocytes

A

largest, leukocyte, phagocytic

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8
Q

lymphocytes

A

immune cell that is made in the bone marrow and is found in the blood and in lymph tissue

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9
Q

t-cells

A

develop from bone cells in the marrow and help the body fight infection, maturation happens in the thymus

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10
Q

cytotoxic t-cells

A

immune cell that can kill certain cells, including foreign cells, cancer cells, and cells infected with a virus

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11
Q

helper t-cells

A

stimulates cytotoxic cells, macrophages and b-cells

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12
Q

regulatory t-cells

A

act to suppress immune response, inhibit cytokine and t-cell proliferation

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13
Q

memory t-cells

A

antigen-specific T cells that remain long-term after an infection has been eliminated, remembering the invader for when it returns

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14
Q

b-cells

A

fight bacteria and viruses by making Y-shaped proteins called antibodies

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15
Q

plasma cells

A

develop from activated b-cells

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16
Q

plasma

A

carries water, salt, and enzymes, is the largest part of the blood

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17
Q

albumin

A

produced in the liver, helps carry vitamins, enzymes, and other important substances

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18
Q

fibrinogen

A

major clotting factor, converts to fibrin

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19
Q

globulin

A

a group of proteins that play a role in liver function, blood clotting, and fighting infection

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20
Q

functions of blood

A

transporting oxygen/nutrients, forming clots, carrying antibodies, regulating body temperature, carrying waste to the liver and kidneys

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21
Q

A+ can give to

A

A+, AB+

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22
Q

A- can give to

A

A-, A+, AB-, AB+

23
Q

B+ can give to

A

B+, AB+

24
Q

B- can give to

A

B-, B+, AB-, AB+

25
Q

AB+ can give to

A

AB+

26
Q

AB- can give to

A

AB-, AB+

27
Q

O+ can give to

A

O+, A+, B+, AB+

28
Q

O- can give to

A

all blood types

29
Q

A+ can receive from

A

A+, A-, O+, O-

30
Q

A- can receive from

A

A-, O-

31
Q

B+ can receive from

A

B+, B-, O+, O-

32
Q

B- can receive from

A

B-, O-

33
Q

AB+ can receive from

A

all blood types

34
Q

AB- can receive from

A

AB-, O-, A-, B-

35
Q

O+ can receive from

A

O+, O-

36
Q

O- can receive from

A

O-

37
Q

universal donor

A

O-

38
Q

Universal recipient

A

AB+

39
Q

hematocrit

A

the percentage by volume of red cells in your blood

40
Q

leukopenia

A

lack of white blood cells

41
Q

leukocytosis

A

elevated white blood cells

42
Q

thrombocytopoiesis

A

the production of blood platelets from megakaryocytes typically in the bone marrow

43
Q

RhoGam

A

medicine that stops your blood from making antibodies that attack Rh-positive blood cells

44
Q

Common pathway

A

Factor X, prothrombin, thrombin, fibrinogen, fibrin, polymer

45
Q

intrinsic pathway

A

activated by internal trauma, slow, 15-20 seconds, requires calcium

46
Q

extrinsic pathway

A

activated by external trauma, fast, 2-6 minutes, requires calcium

47
Q

Factor X

A

a clotting protein synthesized in the liver

48
Q

prothrombin

A

transformed into thrombin by a clotting factor known as factor X

49
Q

thrombin

A

facilitates the fibrinogen change to fibrin

50
Q

fibrinogen

A

a protein (clotting factor) that is essential in formation of a clot

51
Q

fibrin

A

non-globular protein involved in the clotting of blood

52
Q

heparin

A

used to prevent blood clots from forming in people who have certain medical conditions

53
Q

histamine

A

causes many of the symptoms of allergies

BIO 192 (4 decks)

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