Blood Cells & Components Flashcards
Erythrocytes
red blood cells
platelets
small, colorless cell fragments in our blood that form clots and stop or prevent bleeding
leukocytes
white blood cells
neutrophils
leukocyte, most common, phagocytic, granulocyte, help fight infection by ingesting microorganisms and releasing enzymes
basophils
leukocyte, granulocyte, release enzymes
eosinophils
specifically fights parasitic infection
monocytes
largest, leukocyte, phagocytic
lymphocytes
immune cell that is made in the bone marrow and is found in the blood and in lymph tissue
t-cells
develop from bone cells in the marrow and help the body fight infection, maturation happens in the thymus
cytotoxic t-cells
immune cell that can kill certain cells, including foreign cells, cancer cells, and cells infected with a virus
helper t-cells
stimulates cytotoxic cells, macrophages and b-cells
regulatory t-cells
act to suppress immune response, inhibit cytokine and t-cell proliferation
memory t-cells
antigen-specific T cells that remain long-term after an infection has been eliminated, remembering the invader for when it returns
b-cells
fight bacteria and viruses by making Y-shaped proteins called antibodies
plasma cells
develop from activated b-cells
plasma
carries water, salt, and enzymes, is the largest part of the blood
albumin
produced in the liver, helps carry vitamins, enzymes, and other important substances
fibrinogen
major clotting factor, converts to fibrin
globulin
a group of proteins that play a role in liver function, blood clotting, and fighting infection
functions of blood
transporting oxygen/nutrients, forming clots, carrying antibodies, regulating body temperature, carrying waste to the liver and kidneys
A+ can give to
A+, AB+
A- can give to
A-, A+, AB-, AB+
B+ can give to
B+, AB+
B- can give to
B-, B+, AB-, AB+
AB+ can give to
AB+
AB- can give to
AB-, AB+
O+ can give to
O+, A+, B+, AB+
O- can give to
all blood types
A+ can receive from
A+, A-, O+, O-
A- can receive from
A-, O-
B+ can receive from
B+, B-, O+, O-
B- can receive from
B-, O-
AB+ can receive from
all blood types
AB- can receive from
AB-, O-, A-, B-
O+ can receive from
O+, O-
O- can receive from
O-
universal donor
O-
Universal recipient
AB+
hematocrit
the percentage by volume of red cells in your blood
leukopenia
lack of white blood cells
leukocytosis
elevated white blood cells
thrombocytopoiesis
the production of blood platelets from megakaryocytes typically in the bone marrow
RhoGam
medicine that stops your blood from making antibodies that attack Rh-positive blood cells
Common pathway
Factor X, prothrombin, thrombin, fibrinogen, fibrin, polymer
intrinsic pathway
activated by internal trauma, slow, 15-20 seconds, requires calcium
extrinsic pathway
activated by external trauma, fast, 2-6 minutes, requires calcium
Factor X
a clotting protein synthesized in the liver
prothrombin
transformed into thrombin by a clotting factor known as factor X
thrombin
facilitates the fibrinogen change to fibrin
fibrinogen
a protein (clotting factor) that is essential in formation of a clot
fibrin
non-globular protein involved in the clotting of blood
heparin
used to prevent blood clots from forming in people who have certain medical conditions
histamine
causes many of the symptoms of allergies
