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P Microanatomy 1 > Lymphatic System > Flashcards

Lymphatic System Flashcards

1
Q

What is this?

A

Lymph node follicle

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2
Q

What are the 2 functions of the lymphatic system?

A

protect the body from pathogenic organisms

&

remove cells underdoing natural or induced degeneration

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3
Q

What is spleen red pulp?

A

makes up interior of spleen & has rbc’s stored & taveling thru sinuses along w macrophages

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4
Q

What is the paracortical tissue of a lymph node and what does it contain?

A

tissue in btwn follicles w hi endothelial blood vessels

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5
Q

What are the primary organs for lymphoid stem cell differentation?

A

Bone marrow

Cloacal Bursa

Thymus

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6
Q

What is C?

A

Microfold cells (GALT)

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7
Q

What are the sites called where antigens can enter & APC’s can induce an immune repsonse? (general)

A

Mucosal-Associated Lymphoid Tissue

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8
Q

What lymphatic organ involutes after sexual maturity and is repplaced by adipocytes?

A

Thymus

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9
Q

What are thymic (Hassall’s) corpuscles?

A

large central calcified cells surrounded by concentric circles of keratinized cells; classic for thymus

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10
Q

What are primary follicles of the lymph node cortex?

A

follicles that have never been stimulated before

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11
Q

What is C & what does it contain?

A

Medulla; less dense containing stromal cells, macrophages, dead cells

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12
Q

What is B?

A

Thymus medulla (light bc less lymphocytes)

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13
Q

What is unique about a lymph node compared to other escondary lymphatic organs?

A

contains afferent AND efferent lymph vessels with valves to ensure 1-way flow of lymph

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14
Q

What is this organ?

A

spleen

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15
Q

What organ is this?

A

Thymus

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16
Q

Where are lymphoid stem cells located?

A

in the bone marrow

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17
Q

What is white pulp?

A

congregation of lymphoid cells in specific arrangement

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18
Q

What is C?

A

lymphatic nodules of tonsils

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19
Q

What is F?

What does it contain?

A

Lymph node medulla - at one side or to center, lighter in color comared to cortex containing medullary cords & sinuses

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20
Q

Process of antigen presenting in a lymph node:

(4 steps)

A
  1. antigen presented in follicle in cortex
  2. T & B lymphocytes are activated
  3. Anitgen Presenting Cells present antigen
    4a. follicular dendritic cells use MCH II to brign to surface of cell

OR

4b. macrophages phagocytose & bring to T or B cell to start immune response

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21
Q

What is the cortical sinuses?

A

open network of channels from efferent vessels that leaves sinus lumen to neihgboring tissue toward hilus

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22
Q

What is B?

A

Smooth muscle of bronchiole of the bronchiolar associated lymphoid tissue

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23
Q

What is C?

Where are they located?

A

Lymph node follicle located in cortex

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24
Q

What is this image and what does it contain? (general)

A

Cloacal Bursa contains multiple nodules composed of lymphoid cells

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25
Q

What are the 3 secondary lymphatic organs?

What happens in these organs?

A

lymph nodes, spleen, mucosal associated lymphoid tissue; where lymphocytes are stored

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26
Q

What is B & what does it contain?

A

Cortex; more dense w lymphoid cells

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27
Q

What makes up a lymph node?

A

lymph vessels, sinuses, cortex, medulla

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28
Q

What is a lymphatic vessel?

What are they lined by?

What do they do?

A

blind-ended tube lined by endothelial cells

  • take fluid from interstitium & pass back into blood stream
  • move inflammatory cells & antigens from tissues to local lymph node for immune response
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29
Q

What are the two mechanisms of action by the lymphatic system?

A
  1. phagocytosis by macrophages
  2. production of immunologically compentent cells
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30
Q

What is the subscapular sinus?

A

area under the capsule that takes lymph from the afferent sinus (to the trabecular sinus, to the medullary sinsus, to the efferent vessels)

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31
Q

What is A?

A

Lymph node capsule - composed of dense irregular CT

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32
Q

What are the 3 structures in GALT that are associated with the lymphoid system?

A
  • Peyer’s Patches
  • Lacteals
  • Microfold cells
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33
Q

What is an educated T cell and where does it settle?

A

a mature T cell that matured in the thymus and settes at secondary lymphatic organ via the blood

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34
Q

When lymphoid stem cells enter the thymus, what type of cell does it differentiate into?

A

T cell

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35
Q

What is the spleen white pulp arrangement?

A

Central arteriole

Periarterial lymphoid sheath w T cells

Follicular area w B cells

Capsule

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36
Q

Where are lymphatic vessels NOT located?

A

eye

cartilage

bone

bone marrow

spleen

CNS

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37
Q

What is A & what type of cells?

A

mucosa covered in PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EP w mature lymphoid cells

38
Q

What is this? (related to lyphatic system)

A

Bronchiolar Associated lymphoid tissue

39
Q

What is A?

A

Spleen capsule

40
Q

At what level does the thymus have the blood-thymus barrier?

A

Cortex

41
Q

What is E?

A

macrophages of the bronchiolar associated lymphoid tissue

42
Q

What is C?

A

Spleen trabeculae vein (or will have artery)

43
Q

What is D?

A

Lymph node cortex - milky white in natural appearance, contains follicles

44
Q

Where do all the efferent vessels meet up to put cells into blood stream to allow cells to be delivered to the place that started the immune repsonse?

A

thoracic duct

45
Q

What is E?

A

Lymph node paracortex

46
Q

What is D?

A

Bronchiolar associated lymphoid tissue

47
Q

What is the lymph node hilus?

A

slight invagination where arteries enter to bring in new lymphocytes & where efferent lymphatics & veins exit lymph node

48
Q

What is the function of the spleen? (4)

A

filter blood, mounts the immune repsonse, location of hematopoiesis in fetus, storage for rbcs & platelets

49
Q

What are the medullary cords of the lmyph node?

A

cords of cells in the medulla

50
Q

What is the trabeculae of the spleen made up of?

A

collagen, elastic fibers, muscle cells, central artery or vien

51
Q

What is E?

A

Spleen red pulp

52
Q

What is D?

A

Spleen white pulp

53
Q

Stromal cells of the bone marrow porduce what?

A

cytokines

54
Q

What is Peyer’s Patch?

A

aggregated lymphatic follicles w lyphocytes, macrophages, plasma cells

55
Q

What is B?

A

Peyer’s Patches (GALT)

56
Q

What are secondary follicles of the lymph node cortex?

A

follicles w pale centers that hav been stimulated before

57
Q

What is D?

A

dense CT separating nodules

58
Q

What is A?

A

Bronchiole of the bronchiolar associated lymphoid tissue

59
Q

What are the 3 types of Antigen Presenting Cells?

A

Dendritic Cells

Macrophages

B Cells

60
Q

What do antigen presenting cells do?

What is needed to do this?

A

take in material and present it on it’s surface

MHCII is needed to present the engulfed material

61
Q

What are the hi endothelial blood vessels?

A

sinus where new lymphocytes leave to regulate lymph nodes

62
Q

What organ is this?

A

Lymph node

63
Q

What exits at the corticomedullary junction? What are they carrying?

A

venules carrying educated T cells

64
Q

What is number 1?

A

Lymphatic vessel

65
Q

What is a chylothorax?

A

milky white subsetance from throacic duct rupture

66
Q

What is A & what type of cells?

A

mucosa covered in PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR EP w mature lymphoid cells

67
Q

Pathway of blood vessels in the thymus:

A
  1. arteries carry immature cells that devel into T cells into thymus at corticomedullary junction
  2. artery divides into aterioles then capillaries
  3. at level of cortex capillaries have blood-thymus barrier
  4. Educated T cells leave thru postcapillary venules at corticomedullary junction
  5. Educated T cells enter blood and settle at secondary lymphatic organ
68
Q

What is the lymph node stroma composed of?

A

reticular cells & fibers to support lymphocytes & macrophages & plasma cells

69
Q

What is A?

A

Epithelial reticular cell of the thymus medulla

70
Q

What is the trabecular sinus?

A

invagination of the capsule where lymph is brought to from subscapular sinus

71
Q

What are the medullary sinuses of a lymph node?

A

empty spaces w macrophages

72
Q

What is kind of cells are A?

A

STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EP of tonsils

73
Q

What is A?

A

Lacteal (GALT)

74
Q

What is B?

A

Spleen trabeculae

75
Q

Where is the thymus located?

A

mediastinum cranial to heart

76
Q

What is B?

A

crypts of tonsils

77
Q

What is B?

What does it contain?

A

Lymph node trabeculae - extensions from capsule into cortex & medulla for structural support containing vessels, nerves, surrounded by sinuses

78
Q

What is a microfold cell?

A

specialized cells over epithelium of ilium, associated with Peyer’s Patches

79
Q

What is a fixed macrophage?

A

line sinuses and does job locally in liver, spleen, lymph nodes, bone marrow

80
Q

What makes up lymph?

Flow?

A

extracellular fluid & lymphatic cells that flow in one direction from periphery to heart

81
Q

When lymphoid stem cell stays in bone marrow or go to the cloacal burse what does it differentiate into?

A

B cell

82
Q

What is C?

A

artery

83
Q

What are the primary lymphatic organs?

What happens in these organs? (general)

A

Bone marrow, cloacal bursa (bursa of fabricius), thymus; where lymphocytes develop

84
Q

What are tonsils?

What do they produce?

A

aggregated lymphoid tissue in the pharynx that produce lymphoid cells & antibodies

85
Q

What is this tissue?

A

Tonsils

86
Q

What is A?

A

Thymus cortex (darker bc more lymphocytes)

87
Q

What is the capsule of the spleen made of?

What does it give rise to?

A

made of dense CT w underlying smooth muscle that gives rise to trabeculae

88
Q

What is B?

A

Thymic (Hassall’s) Corpuscles of the thymus medulla; classic for thymus

89
Q

What is the role of a lymph node?

A

filter antigens from lymph that are in sinuses before returning it to the blood stream

90
Q

What is a lacteal?

A

blunt ended lymphatic vessel w/in villi that take in fat products in form of chylomicrons

91
Q

What species does not have a storage spleen?

A

cats

92
Q

What is the thymus composed of? (6)

A

cortex, medulla, multiple nodules, dense CT separating them, stromal cells producing cytokines, T cells in spaces btwn stromal cells

NO ep lining

P Microanatomy 1 (3 decks)

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