lymphatic system

Question 1

what are the 3 fns of the lymphatic system

Answer 1

drain excess interstitial fluid
transport dietary lipids
carry out immune responses

Question 2

what 4 things provide lymphatic transport

Answer 2

l capillaries
l vessels
l trunks
l ducts

Question 3

lymphatic capillaries have (greater/lesser) permeability than blood caps

Answer 3

greater

Question 4

l cap allow fluid in/out

Answer 4

in, but not out

Question 5

what are lacteals

Answer 5

specialized lymphatic caps in the sall intestine

Question 6

what is different about the structure of lymphatic vessels

Answer 6

thinner walls
more valves

Question 7

in the skin, lymph vessels follow the same route as

Answer 7

veins

Question 8

in the viscera, lymph vessels follow the same route as

Answer 8

arteries

Question 9

what are the 5 lymphatic trunks

Answer 9

lumbar
intestinal
bronchomediastinal
subclavian
jugular

Question 10

lumbar lymph from (5)

Answer 10

lower limbs
pelvis
kidneys
adrenal glands
abdominal wall

Question 11

intestinal lymph from 5

Answer 11

stomach
intestines
spleen
pancreas
liver

Question 12

bronchimediastinal lymph from 3

Answer 12

thoracic wall
lungs
heart

Question 13

subclavian lymph from 1

Answer 13

upper limbs

Question 14

jugular lymph from 2

Answer 14

head
neck

Question 15

lymphatic trunks drain into what 2

Answer 15

thoracic duct
rt lymphatic duct

Question 16

how long is the thoracic duct

Answer 16

15-18”

Question 17

thoracic ducts starta

Answer 17

anterior to L2
(cisterna chyli)

Question 18

what is the cisterna chyli

Answer 18

L2
junction of R and L lumbar and intestinal trunks

Question 19

what additional trunks does the thoracic duct recieve blood from

Answer 19

lt jugular
lt subclavian
lt brochomediastinal

Question 20

thoracic ducts drains

Answer 20

into venous blood at lt internal jug and subclavian veins

Question 21

how long is the rt lymphatic duct

Answer 21

0.5”

Question 22

rt lymphatic ducts recieves blood from

Answer 22

rt jugular
rt subclavian
rt bronchomediastinal

Question 23

rt lymphatic ducts drains into

Answer 23

venous blood at junction of rt internal jugular and subclavian veins

Question 24

how is lymph formed

Answer 24

more fluid is filtered by capillaries than is reabsorbed

Question 25

how much fluid drains into lymphatic vessels daily

Answer 25

3L/day

Question 26

return of lymph is aided by (3)

Answer 26

skeletal muscle pump respiratory pump valves

Question 27

what are the 2 groups of immune responses

Answer 27

primary and secondary lymphatic organs

Question 28

what are the primary lymphatic organs

Answer 28

red bone marrow thymus

Question 29

the thymus is most active in

Answer 29

neonates and pre-adolescents

Question 30

thymus is where

Answer 30

mediastinum between sternum and aorta

Question 31

what are secondary lymphatic organs and tissues

Answer 31

lymph nodes spleen lymphatic nodules/follicles

Question 32

how many lymph nodes in body

Answer 32

600

Question 33

where are the largest groups of lymph nodes

Answer 33

mammary axilla groin

Question 34

where are the 6 regional lymph nodes

Answer 34

cervical axillary thoracic abdominal pelvic inguinal

Question 35

what is the largest mass of lymphatic tissue

Answer 35

the spleen

Question 36

what does the spleen do

Answer 36

initiates an immune response by B cells and T cells

Question 37

how does the spleen remove abnormal blood cells (process)

Answer 37

phagocytosis

Question 38

what does the spleen store

Answer 38

iron from recycled RBCs 1/3 of body's platelets

Question 39

what produced blood cells in a fetus

Answer 39

the spleen!!

Question 40

what is MALT

Answer 40

mucosa associated lymphatic tissue

Question 41

where are Peyer's patches

Answer 41

the ileum

Question 42

what 3 tonsils relate to lymphatic fns

Answer 42

pharyngeal or adenoid palatine lingual

Question 43

what are the 2 types of immunity

Answer 43

innate and adaptive

Question 44

what is the 1st line of innate immunity

Answer 44

intact skin and mucous membranes

Question 45

what is the 2nd line of innate immunity (4)

Answer 45

natural killer cells phagocytes inflammation fever

Question 46

what percentage of lymphocytes are natural killer cells

Answer 46

5-10%

Question 47

what do natural killer cells do

Answer 47

kill infected cells, tumour cells, viruses, abnormal cells do not need prior exposure

Question 48

what are the 2 types of phagocytes

Answer 48

neutrophils macrophages

Question 49

what do macrophages do

Answer 49

ingest microbes or cellular debris

Question 50

what is pus

Answer 50

a collection of dead cells and fluid

Question 51

what is inflammation

Answer 51

non specific response to tissue damage

Question 52

what are the 5 symptoms of inflammation

Answer 52

pain redness immobility heat swellinh

Question 53

what are the 3 parts of the inflammatory response

Answer 53

vasodilation and inc permeability of capillaries emigration of phagocytes into interstitial fluid tissue repair

Question 54

what is adaptive immunity

Answer 54

body's ability to defend against specific bacteria, viruses, toxins, etc

Question 55

anything foreign that is recognized is called

Answer 55

an antigen

Question 56

where are b lymphocytes pridced

Answer 56

in bone marrow

Question 57

what do b lymphocytes do

Answer 57

produce antibodies and momery cells produce antiBodies

Question 58

where are t lymphocytes produced

Answer 58

precursor in bone marrow mature in thymus

Question 59

what are the 2 t cells

Answer 59

helper T cells (CD4) cytotoxic t cells (CD8)

Question 60

do T cells produce memory cells

Answer 60

yes