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High School Anatomy and Physiology > Lymphatic System > Flashcards

Lymphatic System Flashcards

1
Q

Thymosin is produced by

A

thymus

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2
Q

True or false: lymph fluid is pumped by the heart

A

false

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3
Q

What are the functions of the lymphatic system

A

fluid balance, transport, role in immunity

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4
Q

What are the components of the lymphatic system

A

lymph, lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen, and thymus

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5
Q

What resembles plasma

A

lymph

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6
Q

What resembles veins

A

lymphatic vessels

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7
Q

What are bean shaped, serves as a filter for lymph, and does phagocytosis

A

lymph nodes

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8
Q

What is phagocytosis

A

destruction of pathogens by engulfing foreign materials

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9
Q

What are the two types of lymph nodes

A

axillary and inguinal

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10
Q

Where is the axillary lymph node

A

found in underarm/chest

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11
Q

Where is the inguinal lymph node

A

found in groin

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12
Q

What do the tonsils do

A

fight infection

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13
Q

What are the types of tonsils

A

palatine (2); pharyngeal tonsils(adenoids); lingual(at base of tongue)

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14
Q

What are the functions of the spleen

A

filters blood; removes iron from old RBC’s; manufactures lymphocytes(phagocytosis); serves as reservoir for blood; largest lymphoid organ

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15
Q

What are the functions of the thymus

A

forms antibodies; secretes thymosin; the site of lymphocyte development

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16
Q

What helps circulation of the lymph

A

valves permit one way flow; lymph pressure gradient is from skeletal muscle contractions and respiratory movement

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17
Q

What are the protein molecules capable of stimulating immune responses

A

antigens

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18
Q

What does the immune system produce when an antigen enters the body

A

antibody

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19
Q

What are the immunoglobins that are Y shaped proteins produced by B cells of the immune system in response to exposure

A

antibodies

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20
Q

What mechanism of immunity is available constantly and acts against anything recognized as “not self” and is the initial reaction against foreign antigens via antibodies and immune cells

A

non-specific

21
Q

What mechanism of immunity involves the production of antibodies against a particular antigen

A

specific

22
Q

What is the first line of defense

A

skin

23
Q

What is the second line of defense

A

inflammation and phagocytosis

24
Q

What are the 4 signs of acute inflammation

A

redness, heat, swelling, pain

25
Q

What type of inflammation is in a specific area

A

local inflammation

26
Q

what type of inflammation is over the entire body

A

systemic

27
Q

What is the third line of defense

A

specific resistance

28
Q

What is a type of specific resistance that kills tumor cells

A

natural killer cells

29
Q

What do B lymphocytes or B cells do

A

antibodies

30
Q

What do T lymphocytes or T cells do

A

attack pathogens

31
Q

What are antibodies and what are they composed of

A

proteins and they are made of two heavy chains with approximately 400 amino acids

32
Q

What class of antibody is the 1st type released, used to indicate current infection

A

IgM

33
Q

What class of antibody is the most abundant and diverse antibody in the body; makes up 75% of antibodies in our blood

A

IgG

34
Q

What class of antibody is the major antibody type in mucus membrane and tears

A

IgA

35
Q

What class of antibody are the trouble makers, produce harmful effects like allergies

A

IgE

36
Q

What class of antibody is important in B Cell activation

A

IgD

37
Q

What does inherited mean

A

born with it

38
Q

What type of specific immunity is when you get a disease and make antibodies that protect against future infections

A

acquired natural active

39
Q

What type of specific immunity is when the fetus gets through the mom

A

acquired natural passive

40
Q

What type of specific immunity is a vaccination or injection of causative agent

A

acquired artificial active

41
Q

What type of specific immunity is the injection of antibodies developed by someone else’s system

A

acquired artificial passive

42
Q

What is the hyper sensitivity to relatively harmless environment antigen

A

allergies

43
Q

What are some consequences of regular stress

A

adrenaline levels rise, blood pressure and heart rate increases, breathing patterns change, tension, anger, fear

44
Q

What are some problems involved with chronic stress

A

susceptible to illness/infection, stomach aches, heart palpitations, sleep disorders, depression

45
Q

What is the stress triad

A

enlarged adrenals, atrophied lymphatic organs, bleeding gastrointestinal ulcers

46
Q

What are the stages of the General Adaptation Syndrome(GAS)

A

1.) alarm reaction
2.) resistance/adaptation
3.) exhaustion

47
Q

What is the type a person

A

competitive, hard-working; more likely to have heart attacks and higher blood pressure

48
Q

what is the type b person

A

relaxed, less likely to have heart problems

High School Anatomy and Physiology (4 decks)

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