Endocrine System

Question 1

What two endocrine structures are located in the head

Answer 1

pineal gland and pituitary gland

Question 2

True or false: the adrenal glands are located on the pancreas

Answer 2

false: located at the top of each kidney

Question 3

What two endocrine structures are located in the neck

Answer 3

thyroid and parathyroid

Question 4

True or false: almost every organ in the body is affected by the endocrine system

Answer 4

true

Question 5

What is the endocrine system involved in

Answer 5

endocrine glands and the hormones they produce

Question 6

What is the regulatory substance transported in tissue fluids such as blood to stimulate specific cells or tissues into action

Answer 6

hormones

Question 7

What are the functions of the endocrine system

Answer 7

glands produce hormones that regulate metabolism, growth, and development, tissue function, sexual function, reproduction, sleep, and mood, among other things

Question 8

Which section of the brain controls the endocrine glands

Answer 8

hypothalamus

Question 9

Which gland helps you process sugar from the food you consume?

Answer 9

pancreas

Question 10

True or false: Endocrine glands empty into ducts where they are held until needed.

Answer 10

false

Question 11

What are the major endocrine glands

Answer 11

pituitary gland, adrenal gland, pancreas, parathyroid gland, pineal gland, thyroid gland, ovaries, testes

Question 12

What is the “master gland” located at the base of the brain, just behind the bridge of the nose

Answer 12

pituitary gland

Question 13

What are the main characteristics/function of the pituitary gland

Answer 13

controlled by the hypothalamus, has two lobes(anterior and posterior lobes), produces critical hormones that control various bodily functions

Question 14

What is the name of the growth hormone produced by the pituitary gland

Answer 14

somatotropin

Question 15

What is TSH, produced by the pituitary gland

Answer 15

stimulated the thyroid gland to secrete thryroxine

Question 16

What is ADH, produced by the pituitary gland

Answer 16

anti-diuretic hormone, helps with water reabsorption

Question 17

What is the outer part of the adrenal gland called and what does it do

Answer 17

the cortex: produces hormones that are vital to like such as cortisol and aldosterone

Question 18

What does Cortisol(produced by the cortex of the adrenal gland) do

Answer 18

helps regulate metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins

Question 19

What does Aldosterone(produced by the cortex of the adrenal gland) do

Answer 19

helps control salt and water balance

Question 20

What is the inner part of the adrenal gland called and what does it do

Answer 20

the medulla: produces hormones that target muscle and blood vessels such as epinephrine(adrenaline) and norepinephrine

Question 21

What does Epinenphrine(produced by the medulla of the adrenal gland) do

Answer 21

controls heart rate and helps body control blood sugar

Question 22

What does norepinephrine(produced by the medulla of the adrenal gland) do

Answer 22

react to stressors to increase heart rate and blood pressure

Question 23

Where is the pancreas and what does it do

Answer 23

Located near the stomach: secretes digestive enzymes and hormones

Question 24

What is embedded in the pancreas and what are its functions

Answer 24

islets of Langerhans: secrete hormones insulin and glucagon

Question 25

What is insulin

Answer 25

hormone that allows your body to use sugar(glucose) from carbs for energy or storage; helps blood sugar from getting too high or low

Question 26

What is glucagon

Answer 26

promotes breakdown of glycogen to glucose in the liver

Question 27

Where is the parathyroid gland and what does it do

Answer 27

located next to thyroid and secretes parathyroid hormone that regulates calcium levels in the body

Question 28

Where is the pineal gland and what does it do

Answer 28

small, located near the center of the brain: produces melatonin, which modulates sleep patterns and moods

Question 29

Where is the thyroid gland and what does it do

Answer 29

located in the neck and secretes calcitonin, thyroxine(T4), and triiodothyronine(T3)

Question 30

What does calcitonin(produces by the thyroid gladn) do

Answer 30

inhibits the loss of calcium in bone

Question 31

What does thyroxine(T4) and triiodothyronine(T3) (produced by the thyroid gland) do

Answer 31

regulate metabolism, body temp, heart rate, and growth and development rates

Question 32

What hormones do the ovaries produce

Answer 32

estrogen and progesterone

Question 33

What hormones do the testes produce

Answer 33

testosterone

Question 34

What does progesterone do

Answer 34

prepares uterus for fertilized ovum