Lymphatic diseases Flashcards
What is lymphedema?
- abn collection of lymph, usually in extremities
- caused by obstruction of lymph vessel or nodes (can be inflammatory or mechanical - allergic reactions, truama, surgery, tight clothing, mastectomies)
- if left untreated connective tissues lose their elasticity and edema become permanent
s/s of lympahdema/
- swelling of extremities
- most pt have no pain, although in severe cases can cause pain and limit movement (affected extremity becomes swollen and grossly distended)
how to dinagose and treat lympahdema?
diagnose - painless swelling in extremity, imaging procedures inclkuding lymphagniography and radioactive isotope studes
treat- reducing swelling my elevating affect limb above heart to encourage drainage, elastic bandage or stocking, diuretics, surgical intervention, antibiotics
What is lymphagitis?
- inflammation of lymph vessels
- s/s r red streak at sitre of entry of infective organism, extends to regional lymphn nodes which is swollen and tnder, cellulitis, manifestations of generalized infection including fever, chills, malaise
- caused by bacterial invasion`
diagnose and treat lymphagitis?
diagnose - visual inspection, typical systemic manifestations of bacterial invasion, blood studies indicate leukocytosis, cultures of infected tissue
treat- systemic antibitoics, warm, wt dressings, surgical drainage of purulent material
What is lymphoma?
- malignant neoplasms that arise from uncontrolled proliferation of the cellular components of lymph system (may be B cells, T cells), neoplastic lymphocytes r migratory and can be found not only in lymph structure but also in bloodstream bone marrow and later in non-lymph organs
Staging of lymphoma?
stage I: a single lymph sturcture or region is involved
stage II: 2 or more lymph strcutres r involved on same side of diaphragm
Stage IIIL both sides of diaphragm
Stage IV: widespread involvement of extranodal tissue above and below the diaphragm
