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Block 7 Week 1 Colt > Lymph nodes and Lymphomas - Parks > Flashcards

Lymph nodes and Lymphomas - Parks Flashcards

1
Q

Acute nonspecific lymphadenitis can be caused by (bacteria/viruses/both)

A

both

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2
Q

T/F: diffuse hyperplasia of the lymph node can be a non-malignant finding

A

true, in reactive nodes

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3
Q

what are the three types of reactive hyperplasia of a lymph node?

A
  1. follicular hyperplasia
  2. paracortical hyperplasia
  3. sinus histiocytosis (increased macrophages)
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4
Q

If given the choice of a lymph node or a skin rash to biopsy, which should you do and why?

A

lymph node, will give you more information than the skin rash and will be conclusive the first time

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5
Q

Bacteria cause (B/T) cell stimulation while viruses cause (B/T) cell stimulation

A

BACTERIA = B cell

Virus is T cell

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6
Q

Paracortical hyperplasia is caused by expansion of what cell type?

A

T cells

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7
Q

germinal center or cortical hyperplasia is caused by expansion of what cell type?

A

B cell

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8
Q

T/F: in cancer, it is possible to have reactive changes to a lymph node without the presence of a met

A

true

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9
Q

T/F: all lymphoid neoplasms are malignant

A

true

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10
Q

(leukemia/lymphomas) form masses

A

lymphomas

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11
Q

(leukemia/lymphoma) are diseases of the peripheral blood

A

leukemia

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12
Q

(leukemia/lymphoma) involves the bone marrow

A

leukemia

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13
Q

What are the most common sites of extranodal involvement in lymphomas? Where does it go if you have AIDS?

A

Spleen, liver, and bone marrow

Goes to brain in AIDS

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14
Q

(B/T) cell lymphoma is the most common type of NHL

A

B cell; 80%

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15
Q

What are the two most common types of lymphoma?

A

DLBCL and follicular lymphoma

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16
Q

Where in the body do the B cell maturation steps happen?

A

In the lymph node; naive B cells leave the bone marrow and mature in the node

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17
Q

What is light chain restriction?

A

When only one light chain variety is produced by a myeloma plasma cell

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18
Q

If on flow you see that you are working with half lambda and half kappa chains, you know you are working with a (mono/poly)clonal population

A

polyclonal

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19
Q

Describe the gross anatomical difference between DLBCL and follicular lymphoma?

A

DLBCL: DIFFUSE; just see lots of B cell proliferation all through the marrow and nodes
Follicular; see a lymph node just chalk fucking full of germinal centers

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20
Q

T/F: follicular hyperplasia includes high levels of apoptosis

A

true! actively selecting for B cells with the highest affinity for binding

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21
Q

csomal translocations in B cell lymphomas involves the movement of BCL2 next to the (blank) locus leading to stabilization of the mito membrane and prevention of apoptosis

A

IGVH

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22
Q

Is DLBCL or follicular lymphoma the most common type?

A

follicular is most common

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23
Q

DLBCL is caused by the dysregulation of BCL (2/6)

A

BCL 6

24
Q

BCL 6 is a DNA binding transcriptional (activator/repressor)

A

repressor

25
Q

Overexpression of BCL 6 leads to what three things?

A
  1. no germinal center dev (hence diffuse appearance)
  2. impaired B cell differentiation
  3. no apoptosis
26
Q

Which CD marker is found in DLBCL?

A

CD20

27
Q

What are the two MOAs of rituximab?

A

complement mediated lysis (CDC), and ADCC (Ab depedent cell cytotox)

28
Q

EBV induced Burkitt’s lymphoma is (intra/extra) nodal

A

extranodal

29
Q

Is the African or Sporadic type Burkitt’s lymphoma extranodal? which is in the retroperitoneum?

A 
African = extranodal
sporadic= retroperitoneum
30
Q

What types of pts are at high risk of latent EBV infection?

A

HIV

31
Q

T/F: in ALL forms of Burkitt’s there is a csomal translocation

A

true

32
Q

what gene is moved to be next to IGVH in burkitt’s lymphoma?

A

c-MYC

33
Q

What is the role of c-myc?

A

participates in many cell processes including proliferation and apoptosis

34
Q

Is DLBCL or follicular lymphoma aggressive?

A

DLBCL

35
Q

What T cell lymphoma homes to the skin in older people?

A

Mycosis fungoides

36
Q

What T cell lymphoma shoes epidermotropism?

A

mycosis fungoides

37
Q

Mycosis fungoides can cause (blank) syndrome once it gets into the blood, as seen by cells with cerebroform nuclei

A

Sezary syndrome

38
Q

What is the characteristic cell of hodgkin’s lymphoma that shows with a “mirror image’ nuclei/

A

Reed sternberg cells

39
Q

What is the role of NF-kB in HL?

A

turns genes on that promote lymphocyte proliferation and survival

40
Q

What is the most common form of HL?

A

Nodular sclerosing

41
Q

T/F: all types of HL activate NF-kB

A

true

42
Q

Which form of HL has the best prognosis? The worst?

A

Best: lymphocyte predominant
worst: lymphoctye depleted

43
Q

What T cell does HL suppress?

A

Th1 cells

44
Q

Suppression of Th1 cells by HL leads to T cell (blank) and infection with what two organisms?

A

T cell anergy leading to TB and listeria infections

45
Q

What are the background cells in mixed cellularity HL?

A

eosinophils and lymphocytes

46
Q

what is the major cell type in lymphocyte depleted HL?

A

reed sternberg cells

47
Q

Which lymph nodes are commonly involved in HL?

A

Bilateral hilar and mediastinal

48
Q

A yellow lymph node with white striping tells you what?

A

Yellow is the HL and the white striping is the scarring (sclerosis)

49
Q

Are normal lymph nodes flat or round?

A

flat

50
Q

Popcorn Reed Sternberg cells are seen in what variant of HL?

A

Lymphocyte predominant

51
Q

T/F: Hepatic involvement in HL always indicates splenic involvement

A

true

52
Q

(HL/NHL) moves in a linear, stepwise, predictable fashion

A

HL

53
Q

What are the three B symptoms?

A

Fevers, night sweats, and wt. loss

54
Q

How many of the three symptoms do you need to be class B HL?

A

2 out of 3

55
Q

T/F: TB is common in HL

A

true

56
Q

A negative skin test to a common ag like candida would indicate what about T cell function?

A

anergy

57
Q

T/F: you can also see B symptoms in NHL

A

true

Block 7 Week 1 Colt (9 decks)

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