Lymph Flashcards
Vessels, histology, organs, and tissues
Lymphatic vessels
elaborate network of drainage vessels
drain interstitial fluid or lymph from peripheral tissues into blood
Lymphoid cells
lymphocytes, T & B cells
lymphocytes: cells of the adaptive immune system; mature into one of two main types ( T or B cells)
Lymphoid cells
T & B cells
T cells: manage immune response, and some also attack and destroy infected cells
B cells: produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies
Lymphoid organs
Primary lymphoid organs
areas where T & B cells mature- red bone marrow and thymus
-T & B cells originate in bone marrow
*only B cells mature there
*T cells mature in thymus
Lymphoid Organs
Secondary lymphoid organs
areas where mature lymphocytes first encounter their antigen and become activated
Lymph nodes main function
- Filter lymph
macrophages remove and destroy microorganisms and debris
*prevent unwanted substances from being delivered to the blood
Lymph nodes functions
2.Immune system activation
place for lymphocytes to become activated and mount an attack against antigens
What is a Buboes?
inflamed, swollen, tender lymph nodes
*nodes are overwhelmed by what they are trying to destroy
*swollen “glands”
*sometimes pus filled
gave the bubonic plague its name
What is the largest lymphoid organ?
Spleen
What are the functions of the Spleen for the lymph system?
-site of lymphocyte proliferation and immune surveillance and response
-cleanses blood of aged blood cells and platelets
*macrophages remove debris
Spleen
White pulp: immune function
-contains mostly lymphocytes on reticular fibers
-white pulp clusters found around central arteries
Spleen
Blood pulp: old blood cells and bloodborne pathogens are destroyed
-rich in RBCs and macrophages that engulf them
-composes of splenic cords (reticular tissue) that separate blood filled splenic sinusoids (venous sinuses)
MALT
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue
-lymphoid tissues in mucous membranes throughout body
-protects from pathogens entering the body
Largest collections of MALT (organs)
-tonsils
-Peyer’s path
-appendix
Blood vessels: delivery system of dynamic structures
-begins and ends with the heart
-works with lymphatic system to circulate fluids
Arteries
carry blood AWAY from the heart
-oxygenated except for pulmonary circulation and umbilical vessels of fetus
Capillaries
direct contact with tissue cells
-directly serve cellular needs
Veins
carry blood TOWARDS the heart
-deoxygenated except for pulmonary circulation and umbilical vessels of fetus
Arterioles
smallest of all arteries
-larger arterioles contain all 3 tunics
*control flow into capillary beds via vasodilation and vasoconstriction of smooth muscle
Oxygen rich blood is
red
Oxygen poor blood is
blue
Vasodilation
widening of blood vessels which increases blood flow
Vasoconstriction
narrowing of blood vessels, caused by the contraction of smooth muscle cells in their walls
Lymphatic System
returns interstitial fluid and leaked plasma proteins back to blood
