LW4 Flashcards
Barrets oesophagus definition
squamous to columnar metaplasia
Causes of cirrhosis in kids
A1AT, CF, hepatitis, wilson’s
Liver cancer marker
AFP
Causes of pancreatitis (IGETSMASHED)
Idiopathic, gallstones, ethanol, steroids, trauma, malignancy, autoimmune, scorpion, ERCP
Immediate Investigations for LGI Bleed
CXR, ECG, ABGs, NG
Delayed investigations for LGI bleed
colonscopy, CT angio
MGT of LGI bleed
colonoscopy plus adrenaline, coag, clips, embolisation and surgery
LGI bleed of unknown source mgt
subtotal colectomy, exploration
Caues of coffe ground vomit in kids
ulceration, GORD, MW tear, swallowed blood
What happens to TIBC in preg
it increases
Iron profile in thalassaemia and sideroblastic anaemia
Normal or raised ferritin, normal TIBC and normal/raised transferrin saturation
Iron profile in anaemia of chronic diseases
normal or increased ferritin, reduced TIBC, normal or reduced transferrin
How do you treat a non bleeding varices
beta blockers
Varices specific treatment
Sengstaken, banding, TIPS
Investigations for paracetamol overdose
FBC, U+Es, PCM level, ABGs, glucose, clotting, LFTs
TCA overdose treatment
Correct Mg + K and give sodium bicarbonate
Perinatal infections ex.
HIV, Hep, HSV, Chlamydia, Varicella
What not to test for in pregnancy and why
CMV ant toxoplasma because no treatment
Why don’t secondary herpes infections in the mother usually affect the fetus
Protective IgG crosses the placenta and prevents infection whereas in primary antibodies not made yet
Chicken pox prophylaxis
VZIg
Varicella syndrome in babies clinical features
eyes, FTT, skin loss, small head
CMV Rx
Ganciclovir
Parvovirus in fetus sx
hydrops fetalis, transfusion to treat
CMV in children symptoms
petechia, jaundice, hepatosplenomegaly
if maternal HSV at time of labour then…
do caesarian section
Kehr’s and Lloyd’s sign
Pain referred to left shoulder from diaphragm due to splenic injury
Pain on deep percussion of rib due to renal inflammation
UC histology
Goblet cell depletion and crypt hyperplasia
