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history europe topic 1 > Lutheranism 1529 - 1555 > Flashcards

Lutheranism 1529 - 1555 Flashcards

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1
Q

what event happened in 1530?

A

the confession of Augsberg

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2
Q

what was the confession of Augsberg and who wrote it?

A

outlined the beliefs of Lutherans

melancathon

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3
Q

what action did charles take in 1530 and what 2 policies did he implement?

A

diet of Augsburg -

he reiterated the edict of worms

he placed an ultimatum on the lutherans to convert back to catholicism by 1531

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4
Q

what was the lutherans’ reaction to the ultimatum?

A

Phillip of Hesse created the Schmalkaldic league to provide military aid for a war

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5
Q

what happened in 1531?

A

the ultimatum ran out

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6
Q

what happened to the lutherans, name a reason why?

A

nothing

because charles was distracted by the ottoman threat in the east

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7
Q

what event happened in 1532?

A

peace of nuremberg

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8
Q

name 2 reasons why charles did this?

A

because of threat of the ottomans

he needed the princes support

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9
Q

what event happened in 1534?

A

restoration of wittenburg - became lutheran

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10
Q

name three reasons why this was significant?

A

demonstrated the power of the Schmalkaldic league

this undermined charles’ power

made it clear to lutherans he had other priorities

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11
Q

what event happened in 1536 ?

A

wittenburg concord

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12
Q

name three things that happened at the wittenburg concord?

A

an attempt at reconciliation between protestants

melancathon and bucer drew up a statement on consubstantiation

it did not last

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13
Q

name a reason why this was siginificant?

A

it shows the disunity between Protestants

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14
Q

what was written in 1537 and by whom?

A

luther wrote the schmalkalden articles

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15
Q

name a reason why this was significant

A

it legitimised the schmalkaldic league and resistance to the emperor theologically.

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16
Q

what event happened in 1538 that paused the italian wars?

A

Truce of Nice

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17
Q

what event happened in 1539-42 that meant charles was distracted again?

A

julich - cleves incident

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18
Q

name 2 reasons why this was significant for the lutherans?

A

because the duke of cleves became lutheran

lutheranism had spread to other territories in Europe

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19
Q

what happened in 1543?

A

charles won the conflict and forced duke of cleves to revert back to catholicism

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20
Q

what two events happened in 1541?

A

Bigamy scandal

colloquy of regensburg

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21
Q

what two things happened at the colloquy?

A
  • the followers of both christians came up with the doctrine of double justification
  • Luther and the Pope immediately rejected it
22
Q

when did charles come back to germany?

A

1543

23
Q

what part of germany was fully Lutheran by 1540

A

the north

24
Q

what happened in 1545

A

council of trent

25
Q

name two reasons why this was significant?

A

because it reaffirmed and reformed the catholic church

this strengthened it again

26
Q

name three things that show people still align with the catholic church

A
  • they go to events
  • they still pay tithes
  • they leave monetary gifts in their wills
27
Q

who diedf in 1546?

A

Luther

28
Q

what event happened in 1546?

A

diet of regensburg

29
Q

name two reasons why it happened?

A
  • to gather allies against lutherans
  • to make a defensive pact with bavaria against supporting lutherans
30
Q

name three reasons why this was significant?

A
  • charles allied with maurice of saxony
  • left the schmalkaldic league weak
  • the schmalkaldic league failed to recognise support gained by charles
31
Q

who died in 1547?

A

francis Ist

32
Q

who became the new french king?

A

henri ii

33
Q

what event happened between 1546 - 47

A

Schmalkaldic war

34
Q

how many troops did each side have?

A
  • charles: 56,000
  • lutherans: 80,000
35
Q

name a reason why charles had the upper hand?

A

because he had the elite spanish tercios onside

36
Q

what event happened in 1547?

A

battle of Muhlburg

37
Q

who won?

A

Charles

38
Q

name three reasons why charles won

A
  • because he had a stronger, well equipped side
  • all key central lutheran cities, electorals submitted to charles
  • key leaders were captured
39
Q

who was captured at the battle?

A

john fredrick of saxony

phillip of hesse

40
Q

who swapped sides after?

A

maurice of saxony

41
Q

what happened in 1548

A

ausberg interim

42
Q

what was the ausberg interim?

A

a doctrinal compromise between catholics and protestants

43
Q

which two people made the interim?

A

melancathon and charles

44
Q

name three reasons why it was significant

A
  • a weak attempt to revert lutherans by charles
  • shows that the lutherans are too established and charles is too late to do anything about it
  • it allowed concessions such as clerical marriage and communion to the laity
45
Q

what alliance was made in 1552, two reasons why?

A

treaty of chamboard, henri ii and maurice of saxony

military aid against charles - maurice

metz, toul and verdun - henri

46
Q

what was made in 1552?

A

peace of passau

47
Q

name four reasons why this was significant?

A
  • they release john fredrick and phillip of hesse
  • they gave up the augsberg interim
  • it shows the failure of charles attempts at reconcilliation
  • shows the princes are powerful
48
Q

what was made in 1555

A

peace of augsburg

49
Q

two reasons why this was significant

A

granted ultimate tolerance to lutherans

Princes could decide what religion their state was

50
Q

who fled in 1556

A

charles v

history europe topic 1 (4 decks)

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