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history europe topic 1 > lutheranism 1517 - 1529 > Flashcards

lutheranism 1517 - 1529 Flashcards

1
Q

95 thesis creation year

A

1517

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2
Q

name a reason why the 95 thesis was written?

A

in response to indulgences which mislead the herd

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3
Q

what did luther discover when reading the original bibles?

A

metanoia - change of heart/ feel repentance

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4
Q

what did the catholic church encourage people to do?

A

to do penance - penitentiam agite

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5
Q

who was the first group to threaten lutheranism?

A

the catholic authorities, pope and Charles v

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6
Q

Catholic church first reaction

A

56 thesis - johann tetzel

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7
Q

2nd reaction

A

pope tried to get augustinian order to send luther to rome 1517

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8
Q

3rd reaction

A

pope asked Fred to send Luther bound to rome 1518

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9
Q

4th reaction

A

pope tried to bribe fred with gold rose 1518

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10
Q

5th reaction

A

pope sent for luther to be tried herecy - on german soil 1519

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11
Q

6th reaction who did luther face?

A

Cardinal cajatan

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12
Q

7th reaction who did luther face at a disputation?

A

johann Eck

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13
Q

what did Eck use to defend the church

A

canon law

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14
Q

what did luther use to defend himself

A

the bible

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15
Q

what did he realise?

A

he rejected papal authority

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16
Q

what were the three sacraments ?

A

baptism, communion and penance

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17
Q

which sacrament did he later reject? why?

A

penance - because people need to feel change not self harm

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18
Q

8th reaction

A

papal bull of excommunication -

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19
Q

luthers reaction

A

burnt it in public

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20
Q

9th reaction involved charles v

A

diet of worms - named luther outlaw and heretic

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21
Q

where did luther go to escape the edict

A

wartburg castle

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22
Q

who helped him?

A

fredrick the wise

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23
Q

what did luther write while in hiding?

A

3 pamphlets, vernacular new testament

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24
Q

name 2 reasons why his pamphlets were significant?

A

because they showed he would not be silenced

he would die for this cause

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25
what were luthers 5 doctrines?
sola fide, sola scripture, priesthood of all believers, 3 sacraments and no transubstantiation
26
who was the second group to threaten the reformation, why 1521?
radicals, were destructive and threatened luthers relationship with princes
27
what was luthers reaction
came out of hiding, 8 fiery sermons and had them expelled from saxony
28
who led the radicals?
karlstadt and zwickau prophets
29
name a reason why luther parted with the humanists?
they were too moderate and disagreed over papal authority
30
who was the third group to threaten the reformation in 1522?
the knights
31
name two reasons why the knights took up the reformation?
because they were economically deprived and wanted to play a more significant role
32
what was the main siege in the knight war?
siege of trier - it broke the knights as a force - Hesse fought against them
33
who were the fourth group to threaten the reformation in 1525?
peasants
34
who led this group?
thomas muntzer
35
name a reason why they took up the reformation?
because they aligned with luthers rejection of religious hierarchy
36
what did they write in response to the 95 thesis?
12 articles of memmingen
37
which group did they reach as a result?
the tyrolean miners
38
what did this group want?
eradication of class system - communism
39
what were 3 of their grievances?
- lords taking their land they work on - the tithes were too expensive - they should be allowed to hunt/ catch wild animals as food - it is the word of god
40
what did luther write in response to the peasants taking arms?
against the robbing and murdering hordes of peasants 1525
41
name 3 reasons why luther rejected the peasants?
they use gods word as a cloak to make social change they became a nuisance to the authorities the princes can do more to further the reformation
42
what battle did the princes fight against the peasants?
Battle of Frankenhausen 1525
43
how may princes: peasants died?
6: 6000
44
which relation helped the reformation progress?
towns and cities
45
by 1550 how many cities supported lutheranism?
50/65
46
name 5 reasons why they were helpful
- they were densely populated - most towns had the printing press - the population was mostly literate scholars - farmers markets meant information spread easily - town councils could make their own decisions, no overlord
47
name 4 reasons why the printing press significant?
- faster than writing 1025: 1 handwritten piece - took 2 weeks to spread the 95 thesis - took 1 month to spread to the uk - supported lutheranism 20 lutheran printers : 1 catholic
48
what was the 2nd group that helped the reformation progress?
princes
49
what was the catholic authorities next move in 1526?
diet of speyer
50
name a reason why this was significant?
because it granted tolerance until a general council
51
what two things did the princes do to support luther?
set up league of torgau wrote the resolution of the minority
52
name three significant princes who supported lutheranism
- phillip of hesse - albrect of prussia - john of saxony
53
how many imp towns supported lutheranism?
14
54
name three cities which became lutheran by 1529?
wittenberg nuremberg hamburg
55
name three motivations for the princes to support luther
they had divine right to gain autonomy to keep law and order
56
what was the last attempt within the period 1517 -1529 to control lutheransim by the catholic authorities?
diet of speyer 1529 - renounced toleration and emphasised the edict of worms.
57
what event happened in 1529?
Marburg colloquy
58
name a reason why this was significant?
because it attempts to reconcile zwingli and lutherans
59
name a reason why it failed?
because they had different ideas over eucharist...
60
name 6 reasons for the spread and survival of lutheranism in the period 1517 - 1529
Luther's actions fredrick the wise towns and cities princes failure of the catholic authorities the printing press

history europe topic 1 (4 decks)

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