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history europe topic 1 > lutheranism 1517 - 1529 > Flashcards

lutheranism 1517 - 1529 Flashcards

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1
Q

95 thesis creation year

A

1517

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2
Q

name a reason why the 95 thesis was written?

A

in response to indulgences which mislead the herd

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3
Q

what did luther discover when reading the original bibles?

A

metanoia - change of heart/ feel repentance

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4
Q

what did the catholic church encourage people to do?

A

to do penance - penitentiam agite

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5
Q

who was the first group to threaten lutheranism?

A

the catholic authorities, pope and Charles v

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6
Q

Catholic church first reaction

A

56 thesis - johann tetzel

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7
Q

2nd reaction

A

pope tried to get augustinian order to send luther to rome 1517

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8
Q

3rd reaction

A

pope asked Fred to send Luther bound to rome 1518

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9
Q

4th reaction

A

pope tried to bribe fred with gold rose 1518

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10
Q

5th reaction

A

pope sent for luther to be tried herecy - on german soil 1519

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11
Q

6th reaction who did luther face?

A

Cardinal cajatan

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12
Q

7th reaction who did luther face at a disputation?

A

johann Eck

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13
Q

what did Eck use to defend the church

A

canon law

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14
Q

what did luther use to defend himself

A

the bible

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15
Q

what did he realise?

A

he rejected papal authority

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16
Q

what were the three sacraments ?

A

baptism, communion and penance

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17
Q

which sacrament did he later reject? why?

A

penance - because people need to feel change not self harm

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18
Q

8th reaction

A

papal bull of excommunication -

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19
Q

luthers reaction

A

burnt it in public

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20
Q

9th reaction involved charles v

A

diet of worms - named luther outlaw and heretic

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21
Q

where did luther go to escape the edict

A

wartburg castle

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22
Q

who helped him?

A

fredrick the wise

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23
Q

what did luther write while in hiding?

A

3 pamphlets, vernacular new testament

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24
Q

name 2 reasons why his pamphlets were significant?

A

because they showed he would not be silenced

he would die for this cause

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25
Q

what were luthers 5 doctrines?

A

sola fide, sola scripture, priesthood of all believers, 3 sacraments and no transubstantiation

26
Q

who was the second group to threaten the reformation, why 1521?

A

radicals, were destructive and threatened luthers relationship with princes

27
Q

what was luthers reaction

A

came out of hiding, 8 fiery sermons and had them expelled from saxony

28
Q

who led the radicals?

A

karlstadt and zwickau prophets

29
Q

name a reason why luther parted with the humanists?

A

they were too moderate and disagreed over papal authority

30
Q

who was the third group to threaten the reformation in 1522?

A

the knights

31
Q

name two reasons why the knights took up the reformation?

A

because they were economically deprived and wanted to play a more significant role

32
Q

what was the main siege in the knight war?

A

siege of trier -
it broke the knights as a force
- Hesse fought against them

33
Q

who were the fourth group to threaten the reformation in 1525?

A

peasants

34
Q

who led this group?

A

thomas muntzer

35
Q

name a reason why they took up the reformation?

A

because they aligned with luthers rejection of religious hierarchy

36
Q

what did they write in response to the 95 thesis?

A

12 articles of memmingen

37
Q

which group did they reach as a result?

A

the tyrolean miners

38
Q

what did this group want?

A

eradication of class system - communism

39
Q

what were 3 of their grievances?

A
  • lords taking their land they work on
  • the tithes were too expensive
  • they should be allowed to hunt/ catch wild animals as food - it is the word of god
40
Q

what did luther write in response to the peasants taking arms?

A

against the robbing and murdering hordes of peasants 1525

41
Q

name 3 reasons why luther rejected the peasants?

A

they use gods word as a cloak to make social change

they became a nuisance to the authorities

the princes can do more to further the reformation

42
Q

what battle did the princes fight against the peasants?

A

Battle of Frankenhausen 1525

43
Q

how may princes: peasants died?

A

6: 6000

44
Q

which relation helped the reformation progress?

A

towns and cities

45
Q

by 1550 how many cities supported lutheranism?

A

50/65

46
Q

name 5 reasons why they were helpful

A
  • they were densely populated
  • most towns had the printing press
  • the population was mostly literate scholars
  • farmers markets meant information spread easily
  • town councils could make their own decisions, no overlord
47
Q

name 4 reasons why the printing press significant?

A
  • faster than writing 1025: 1 handwritten piece
  • took 2 weeks to spread the 95 thesis
  • took 1 month to spread to the uk
  • supported lutheranism 20 lutheran printers : 1 catholic
48
Q

what was the 2nd group that helped the reformation progress?

A

princes

49
Q

what was the catholic authorities next move in 1526?

A

diet of speyer

50
Q

name a reason why this was significant?

A

because it granted tolerance until a general council

51
Q

what two things did the princes do to support luther?

A

set up league of torgau

wrote the resolution of the minority

52
Q

name three significant princes who supported lutheranism

A
  • phillip of hesse
  • albrect of prussia
  • john of saxony
53
Q

how many imp towns supported lutheranism?

A

14

54
Q

name three cities which became lutheran by 1529?

A

wittenberg

nuremberg

hamburg

55
Q

name three motivations for the princes to support luther

A

they had divine right

to gain autonomy

to keep law and order

56
Q

what was the last attempt within the period 1517 -1529 to control lutheransim by the catholic authorities?

A

diet of speyer 1529 - renounced toleration and emphasised the edict of worms.

57
Q

what event happened in 1529?

A

Marburg colloquy

58
Q

name a reason why this was significant?

A

because it attempts to reconcile zwingli and lutherans

59
Q

name a reason why it failed?

A

because they had different ideas over eucharist…

60
Q

name 6 reasons for the spread and survival of lutheranism in the period 1517 - 1529

A

Luther’s actions

fredrick the wise

towns and cities

princes

failure of the catholic authorities

the printing press

history europe topic 1 (4 decks)

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