Luther: Early Disputations Flashcards
What was the first instance of Frederick’s protection of Luther?
Provided an armed escort to Augustinian Triennial Convention, Apr 1518
What did Luther do at the Augustinian Triennial Convention?
Despite Leo X requesting Luther be challenged, fellow monks were persuaded by criticism of SI
Gave Luther confidence, but no resulting development theologically
Why was the 1518 Augsburg Disputation called?
Leo X wanted Luther questioned in Rome, but Frederick was wary due to Hus’ fate, so Cardinal Cajetan (member of spirituali) was sent to question him
How did Cajetan challenge Luther?
Give 3 points
Pointed out rejection of treasury of merit and the source of indulgences contradicted a papal decree
Challenged the view that popes did not know when souls leave purgatory
Explained it was Luther’s last chance to withdraw statements privately and retain reputation and positions
How did Luther defend himself at the 1518 Augsburg Disputation?
Explained his position was supported by Scripture
Implicit denial of papal supremacy and pope as authoritative interpreter of Bible - stern resistance gained him more notoriety
Why did Luther survive the 1518 Augsburg Disputation?
Cajetan was unsuccessful in persuading Frederick to withdraw support
MacCulloch on 1518 Augsburg Disputation:
Was here where Luther realised he could no longer be part of RCC
How did RCC respond to its defeat at 1518 Augsburg Disputation?
Wanted Luther publicly discredited by a German in Germany
Who was Eck?
Dominican friar, who taught at Ingolstadt, Catholic bastion and rival uni to Wittenberg - more formidable theological opponent
Who was initially meant to lead the 1519 Leipzig Debates?
Andreas Carlstadt, uni chancellor, with Luther supporting, but Luther entered debate on 4th July
How did Eck attack Luther at Leipzig?
Branded Luther’s scriptural defence as Hussite and Bohemian
Luther went to the library at lunch and proclaimed Hus’ theology as ‘truly Christian and evangelical’ - shared communion in both kinds belief, and papacy and GCC were fallible - arguably point of no return with association with known heretic
How did Luther achieve even greater success after Leipzig?
He was given even great publicity as ‘Saxon Hus, elevating him to cultural heroism, which showed extreme laic alienation from RCC - comparison with a burned heretic reflected positively
Also gave a large public platform to expand his movement, displaying ineffectiveness of Catholic authorities to deal with Luther
How did Luther’s theology develop after Leipzig?
Rejected good works in favour of predestination, began to establish sola fide and sola scriptura
