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z Nuc Med z > Lungs practice test > Flashcards

Lungs practice test Flashcards

1
Q

In general how many capillaries are blocked when
a perfusion lung scan using 99mTc is performed?
a. fewer than 1 in 1000
b. < 0.1%
c. both a and b
d. none of the above

A

c

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2
Q 
Which of the following is needed for the production
of MAA particles?
a. human serum albumin
b. heat
c. reducing agent
d. all of the above
e. none of the above
A

d

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3
Q 
Which of the following should be considered when
injecting MAA?
a. patient position
b. blood in syringe
c. filters in intravenous lines
d. all of the above
A

d

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4
Q

The distribution of aerosol particles in the lungs is
influenced by all of the following except:
a. turbulent air flow
b. amount of technetium added
c. rate of air flow
d. particle size

A

b

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5
Q

During the equilibrium phase of a ventilation study,
the patient:
a. inhales O2 and exhales 133Xe
b. inhales and exhales 133Xe
c. inhales 133Xe and exhales O2
d. inhales and exhales a mixture of 133Xe and O2

A

d

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6
Q

What best describes the normal blood flow to the lungs
in a supine patient?
a. largely uniform
b. decreased flow to apices relative to bases
c. increased flow to upper lobes
d. none of the above

A

a

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7
Q

What best describes the normal blood flow to the lungs
in an erect patient?
a. largely uniform
b. decreased flow to apices relative to bases
c. increased flow to upper lobes
d. none of the above

A

b

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8
Q

During a lung perfusion study, activity is noted in the
head and in the area of the kidneys. This represents:
a. incorrect particle size
b. probable metastases
c. free technetium in the MAA
d. right to left shunt

A

d

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9
Q 
What is the method of localization for a perfusion lung
study?
a. sequestration
b. compartmental containment
c. active transport
d. capillary blockade
A

d

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10
Q

Hot spots in the lungs on a perfusion study indicate:

a. a perfusion defect
b. turbulent air flow
c. tracer injection into a supine patient
d. improper particle size
e. blood was withdrawn into injection syringe

A

e

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11
Q

Which of the following describe the correct order in
which air would pass through the respiratory anatomy?
a. trachea, right bronchus, right upper lobe bronchus,
bronchioles, alveoli
b. trachea, left bronchus, left middle lobe bronchus,
bronchioles, alveoli
c. trachea, right bronchus, left lower lobe bronchus,
bronchioles, alveoli
d. trachea, right bronchus, right lower lobe bronchus,
alveoli, bronchioles

A

a

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12
Q

Which radiopharmaceutical will be most useful in
detecting delayed washout in a patient with COPD?
a. 99mTc MAA
b. 99mTc DTPA
c. 81mKr
d. 133Xe
e. 99mTc MAG3

A

d

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13
Q

On lung ventilation images, activity is seen in the trachea
and the stomach. This indicates:
a. a right to left shunt
b. incorrect particle size
c. that the study was performed with 99mTc DTPA
d. that study was performed with 133Xe
e. a contaminated aerosol delivery system

A

c

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14
Q

Which of the following describe correct procedures for
injection of 99mTc MAA for a perfusion lung study?
a. injection should be made through an existing IV line
if possible
b. ensure that a minimum of 800,000 MAA particles are
injected
c. small amount of blood should be withdrawn into the
syringe to ensure venous access before injection
d. patient should be in the supine position

A

d

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15
Q

Advantages of using 81mKr for ventilation lung scans
include:
a. ability to perfectly match perfusion and ventilation
positioning
b. short half life decreases exposure to technologists
if patient removes mask
c. ventilation and perfusion studies can be acquired
simultaneously
d. all of the above
e. a and b only

A

d

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16
Q

It is advisable to wait one half hour following injection
of 99mTc MAA before scanning to allow time for radiopharmaceutical clearance from the circulation.
a. true
b. false

A

b

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17
Q 
Increased risk of pulmonary embolism is associated
with:
a. smoking
b. use of oral contraceptives
c. recent surgery
d. all of the above
e. a and c only
A

d

18
Q

The number of particles injected during a perfusion
lung scan should be decreased for:
a. the elderly
b. those with a high risk of pulmonary embolus
c. patients with severe pulmonary hypertension
d. asthmatics

A

c

19
Q

Which dose would be the best choice to administer for
a ventilation scan with 99mTc DTPA aerosol?
a. 1–2 mCi
b. 3–5 mCi
c. 8–15 mCi
d. 20 mCi

A

d

20
Q

Lung quantitation is often used to assist physicians
in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism.
a. true
b. false

A

b

21
Q

A perfusion lung scan shows a cold defect in the right
base. If the ventilation study for the same patient
is normal, what is the most probable explanation for
the defect?
a. COPD
b. pulmonary embolism
c. attenuation from the heart
d. pacemaker

A

b

22
Q

A patient with pulmonary embolism can have a negative
chest x-ray.
a. true
b. false

A

a

23
Q

A MAA kit has an average of 8,000,000 particles, and
is reconstituted using 90 mCi of 99mTc in 5 ml at 8:00
a.m. Can the kit be used at 2 p.m. without injecting the
patient with more than 800,000 particles?
a. yes
b. no
c. cannot be determined from the information given

A

a

24
Q

Over time, the number of particles per ml in a
reconstituted MAA kit will change.
a. true
b. false

A

b

25
Q

A perfusion lung scan is being quantified. If counts
obtained from an ROI around the left lung are 142,857
and the counts within the ROI about the right lung
are 195,246, what percentage of perfusion is directed to
the right lung?
a. 28%
b. 42%
c. 58%
d. 65%
e. 73%

A

c

26
Q

The capillaries surrounding alveoli have a diameter of:

a. 0.3–1.0 µm
b. 0.4–2.0 µm
c. 7.0–10.0 µm
d. 5.0–10.0 mm
e. 10.0–20.0 mm

A

c

27
Q

When 99mTc MAA breaks down after injection into
a patient, what happens to the particle fragments?
a. they are excreted through the urine
b. they are excreted by the bowel
c. they are removed from the blood by the liver
and spleen
d. they combine with other fragments in the bloodstream and are again stopped in the lung capillary
bed

A

c

28
Q

Ventilation images are usually performed:
a. with the patient supine so that perfusion is relatively
uniform throughout the lungs
b. anteriorly, because more emboli occur anteriorly than
posteriorly
c. posteriorly to reduce soft tissue attenuation and
decrease distance to detector
d. with the patient erect, so that perfusion is relatively
uniform throughout the lungs

A

c

29
Q

The use of a nebulizer is required with which of the
following radiopharmaceuticals during lung imaging?
a. 99mTc DTPA
b. 99mTc MAA
c. 127Xe
d. 133Xe
e. all of the above except b

A

a

30
Q

Perfusion and ventilation lung imaging removes
the need for a chest x-ray.
a. true
b. false

A

b

31
Q 
When performing a V/Q lung study with 99mTc MAA and 133Xe, which portion of the exam should be performed
first?
a. ventilation
b. perfusion
c. either may be performed first
d. they may be performed simultaneously
A

a

32
Q

Trapping systems for 133Xe should be installed at the
level of the , because 133Xe is than air.
a. ceiling, heavier
b. ceiling, lighter
c. floor, heavier
d. floor, lighter

A

c

33
Q

Stomach visualization on a ventilation scan performed
using 99mTc DTPA aerosol indicates:
a. there was turbulent air flow
b. the nebulizer is not functioning properly
c. the patient is a smoker
d. the patient swallowed some of the radiopharmaceutical
e. the patient has a right to left cardiac shunt

A

d

34
Q 
The radiopharmaceutical used for ventilation scanning
with the highest administered dose is:
a. 133Xe gas
b. 99mTc DTPA aerosol
c. 127Xe gas
d. 81mKr
e. 99mTc MAA
A

b

35
Q

Only half of the administered dose of 99mTc DTPA
aerosol is delivered to the patient.
a. true
b. false

A

b

36
Q

Patient education prior to a ventilation scan may:

a. improve image quality
b. relax the patient and thereby speed washout
c. reduce the radiation dose to the technologist
d. all of the above
e. a and c only

A

e

37
Q

The liver may be seen in the washout phase of a
ventilation study because:
a. 99mTc DTPA aerosol was swallowed and then entered
the bloodstream via the stomach
b. 133Xe gas is fat soluble
c. particle size is too small
d. air flow is turbulent

A

b

38
Q

An advantage of 127Xe over 133Xe is that:
a. it has a shorter half life
b. it is inexpensive
c. it can be used before a 99mTc MAA perfusion study
d. it requires no special trapping because of the short
half life

A

c

39
Q

81mKr can be used to perform ventilation imaging:

a. before
b. during
c. after
d. all of the above

A

d

40
Q

133Xe can be used to perform ventilation scans with
a portable camera in the intensive care unit.
a. true
b. false

A

b

z Nuc Med z (14 decks)

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