Lung Volume and Capacities Flashcards
What are the 4 main functions of the respiratory system
Exchange of gases, regulate blood pH, Protect against pathogens, and vocalization
What is cellular respiration?
the reaction of O2 with organic molecules to for CO2, H2O, and ATP
What is External Respiration?
The movement of gases between the environment and the body’s cells
What are the 4 phases of external respiration
exchange of air between atmosphere and lungs, exchange of O2 and CO2 between lungs and blood, Transport of O2 and CO2, Exchange of gases between blood and the cells
What is the role of the bones and muscle of the thorax and abdomen
To assist in ventilation
What is included in the Conducting zone?
Nose, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, and terminal bronchioles
What is the role of the conducting zone?
The warm, humidify, and filter air
What is the role of the goblet cells?
They are able to secrete mucus which helps with trapping particles in the air so the cilia can move it up and out of the airway.
What is the cause of Primary ciliary dyskinesia?
The lose of the cilia on the epithelium. can’t move particles out of the airway.
What effect does cigarette smoke have on the airway?
It paralyzes the cilia and increases mucus. it changed the cells from columnar to squamous.
What is the effect of cystic fibrosis?
a Mutated CFTR prevents Cl- secretion, this does not allow water to move and causes a build up of thick sticky mucus.
What is the main disease that is unable to be removed in cystic Fibrosis patients?
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
What type of muscle makes up the conducting airway?
Smooth muscle
At what point in the conducting zone does the cartilage stop?
Bronchioles
What is the role of the B2 adrenergic receptors?
Bronchodilation
