Lung Syndromes Flashcards
Lung Qi Deficiency
1) Symptoms
2) Pulse & Tongue
3) Pathology
4) Aetiology
5) Treatment
1)
Key symptoms: Slight shortness of breath, weak voice, easily catches colds.
AccompanYing symptoms: Tiredness, slight cough, watery sputum, dislike of speaking, spontaneous daytime sweating, dislikes cold, pale white complexion, inappropriate grief.
2)
Pulse: Deficient, esp. front, right position.
Tongue Body: Pale or Normal.
3)
Pathology: Lungs govern Qi and respiration therefore deficiency of Qi leads to shortness of breath. Lungs function of descending Qi is compromised if Qi is weak leading to a slight cough. Strength of voice is a reflection of Gathering Qi (Zong Qi), which depends on Lung Qi. Therefore, if weak, it may lead to weak voice and dislike of speaking. Catching colds and sweating is due to Defensive Qi (Wei Qi) being weak and not protecting body from external pathogens (in former case) and not “holding in” fluids (in latter case). Feeling cold is due to deficient Qi not warming the body. Severe Lung Qi deficiency includes a degree of Lung Yang deficiency which is why TP includes warming Yang.
4)
Aetiology: a) Constitutional. b) Sadness and grief. C) Excessive use of the voice over a long period of time. d) Prolonged stooping. c) After effect of invasion (or repeated invasions) of External Pathogenic Wind.
5)
Treatment Principles: Tonify Lung Qi. Warm Lung Yang.
xamples of Points: Lu 9, Lu 7, Lu 1, LI 4, Bl 13, Bl 42, Ren 6, Ren 12, Du 12, St 36. Needle Technique: Tonification.
Other applicable techniques: Moxa.
Lung Yin Deficiency
1) Symptoms
2) Pulse & Tongue
3) Pathology
4) Aetiology
5) Treatment
1)
Key symptoms: Dry cough or cough with scanty sputum, dry mouth and throat, feeling of heat in the
afternoon and evening.
Accompanying symptoms: Weak and hoarse voice, dislike of speaking, tickly throat, malar flush, night sweats, 5-palm heat, inappropriate grief.
2)
Pulse: Floating, Empty, especially front right position and Rapid.
Tongue Body: Red, may be partially Peeled or Peeled, may be Cracks in Lung area.
3)
Pathology: Dry cough, throat and mouth are due to deficient Body Fluids not moistening the mouth and throat. Weak voice and dislike of speaking are due to Gathering (Zong) Qi being weak as a result of Lung Qi deficiency. Other symptoms are due to Empty Heat from long-term Yin deficiency.
4)
Aetiology: a) Constitutional. b) Sadness and grief. c) Excessive use of the voice over a long period of time. d) Prolonged stooping. e) After effect of invasion (or repeated invasions) of External Pathogenic Wind. f) Stomach or Kidney Yin Deficiency. g) Internal or External Dryness. h) Smoking.
5)
Treatment Principles: Nourish Lung Yin. Clear Empty Heat (if necessary).
Examples of Points: (a) Lu 9, Lu 7, Lu 1, Ren 17, Bl 42, Bl 43, Bl 13, Du 12, Ren 4, Kid 6, Ren 12.
b) Lu 10.
Needle technique: (a) Tonification. (b) Even.
Lung Dryness
1) Symptoms
2) Pulse & Tongue
3) Pathology
4) Aetiology
5) Treatment
1)
Key symptoms: Dry cough.
AccompanYing symptoms: Dry throat, dry mouth, dry skin, thirst, hoarse voice.
2)
Pulse: Empty, especially front right position.
Tongue Body: Dry.
3)
Pathology: All symptoms are due to dryness of Lungs. Body Fluids are deficient but the Yin is not yet deficient.
4)
Aetiology: a) Exterior Dryness, e.g. air conditioning. b) Interior Dryness (usually from Stomach Yin Xu). c) After effect of External Pathogenic Wind.
5)
Treatment Principles: Moisten the Lung. Nourish Body Fluids.
Examples of Points: Lu 9, Bl 13, Bl 43, Ren 4, Kid 6, Sp 6, Ren 12. Needle technique: Tonification.
Invasion of the Lung by Wind-Cold
1) Symptoms
2) Pulse & Tongue
3) Pathology
4) Aetiology
5) Treatment
1)
Key symptoms: Aversion to wind or cold, sneezing.
AccompanYing symptoms: Fever, cough, itchy throat, stuffy or runny nose with clear watery mucus,
slight breathlessness, occipital headaches, body aches.
2)
Pulse: Floating, Tight, especially front right position. Tongue Coat: Thin White.
3)
Pathology: Aversion to cold due to obstruction of the space between skin and muscles by Wind so Defensive (Wei) Qi cannot circulate and warm muscles. Headache and body aches are also due to obstruction of circulation of Defensive (Wei) Qi. Fever results from the fight between Defensive (Wei) Qi and exterior Wind, but may not be present if PF is not too strong. Cough, blocked or runny nose, sneezing due to impairment of Lung’s function of descending Qi by exterior Wind.
4)
Aetiology: Exposure to wind and cold (either climatic or artificial). The body’s Qi must be weak relative to the strength of the Wind and Cold.
5)
Treatment Principles: Release the Exterior. Expel Cold. Stimulate Lung Descending and Dispersing function.
Examples of Points: Lu 7, Bl 12, Bl 13, Du 16, GB 20, LI 4. Needle technique: Even or Reduction.
Other applicable techniques: Moxa, cupping gua sha.
Invasion of the Lung by Wind-Heat
1) Symptoms
2) Pulse & Tongue
3) Pathology
4) Aetiology
5) Treatment
1)
Key symptoms: Fever, aversion to cold, sore throat.
AccompanYing symptoms: Cough, stuffy or runny nose with yellow mucus, sneezing, headache, body aches, slight sweating, thirst, swollen tonsils.
2)
Pulse: Floating, especially front right position, and Rapid. Tongue body: Red on sides or tip.
3)
Pathology: As for Wind-Cold. More often a fever. Aversion to cold is experienced as Defensive (Wei) Qi is obstructed by Pathogenic Factor and cannot circulate and warm muscles. Heat dries up Body Fluids resulting in thirst and sore throat.
4)
Aetiology: Exposure to wind and heat (either climatic or artificial). The body’s Qi must be weak relative to the strength of the Wind and Heat.
5)
Treatment principles: Release the Exterior. Clear Heat. Stimulate Lung Descending and Dispersing function.
Examples of Points: Lu 7, LI 4, LI 11, TB 5, Du 14, Bl 12, Du 16, GB 20. Needle technique: Even or Reduction.
Invasion of the Lung by Wind-Damp
1) Symptoms
2) Pulse & Tongue
3) Pathology
4) Aetiology
5) Treatment
1)
Key symptoms: Aversion to cold, sneezing, feeling of heaviness in the body.
AccompanYing symptoms: Stuffy or runny nose with profuse white or clear mucus, muzzy feeling in the head, feeling of stuffiness in the chest, poor appetite, loose stools, mucus in the stools, bloating of the abdomen.
2)
Pulse: Floating, Slippery.
Tongue Coat: Thick, white.
3)
Pathology: Aversion to cold is experienced as Defensive (Wei) Qi is obstructed by pathogenic factor and cannot circulate and warm muscles. Stuffy or runny nose and sneezing are due to impairment of Lung’s function of descending Qi by exterior Wind. Other symptoms are caused by Dampness, which also hinders the transformation and transportation functions of the Spleen causing digestive symptoms.
4)
Aetiology: Exposure to wind and damp. The body’s Qi must be weak relative to the strength of the Wind and Damp.
5)
Treatment Principles: Release the Exterior. Resolve Damp. Stimulate Lung Descending and Dispersing function.
Examples of Points: Lu 7, LI 4, St 8, Sp 9, St 40, Ren 12, Bl 12, Du 16, GB 20. Needle technique: Even or Reduction.
Other applicable techniques: Moxa.
Damp-Phlegm Obstructing the Lung
1) Symptoms
2) Pulse & Tongue
3) Pathology
4) Aetiology
5) Treatment
1)
Key symptoms: Chronic coughing coming in bouts, profuse white sputum which is easy to expectorate, phlegm in the throat, stuffiness of the chest, shortness of breath, wheezing, dislike of lYing down.
AccompanYing symptoms: White pasty complexion, feeling ‘clogged up’, a feeling of heaviness, muzziness or dizziness of the head.
2)
Pulse: Slippery.
Tongue Body: Swollen.
Tongue coat: Thick, Sticky, White.
3)
Pathology: Sputum, dislike of lYing down, stuffiness, wheezing, feeling of heaviness, muzziness and dizziness are due to Phlegm in the chest and head. The damp nature of the Phlegm makes it easy to expectorate. Cough and shortness of breath are due to impairment of Lung descending function. There is usually underlYing Spleen Deficiency characterised by white complexion, which will also be pasty due to the Phlegm and Damp.
4)
Aetiology: a) Spleen Qi or Spleen Yang Deficiency. b) Recurrent attacks of External Pathogenic factors. c) Poor diet and eating habits.
5)
Treatment Principles: Resolve Damp and Phlegm. Restore Lung Descending function.
Examples of Points: (a) Lu 5, Lu 7, Lu 1, Ren 17, Ren 22, Ren 9, St 40, Pc 6, Bl 13.
(b) Bl 20, Ren 12, St 36 – if necessary for underlying Spleen deficiency.
Needle technique: (a) Even or Reduction. (b) Tonification.
Other applicable techniques: Moxa.
Phlegm-Heat Obstructing the Lung
1) Symptoms
2) Pulse & Tongue
3) Pathology
4) Aetiology
5) Treatment
1)
Key symptoms: Barking cough with sticky profuse yellow, green or dark sputum, phlegm in the
throat, shortness of breath, wheezing, stuffiness of the chest.
AccompanYing symptoms: A feeling of heat, thirst, insomnia, agitation, heaviness and muzziness of the head, dizziness.
2)
Pulse: Slippery or Full, Rapid. Tongue Body: Red.
Tongue Coat: Thick, Sticky, Yellow.
3)
Pathology: Similar to previous syndrome, underlYing Spleen Qi Deficiency which combines with Heat leading to Phlegm. In acute cases, when exterior Wind-Heat is not expelled it penetrates the Interior. The pathogenic factor disrupts the Qi mechanism and leads to the production of Phlegm. In chronic cases, Phlegm results from a dysfunction of the Lungs, Spleen and Kidneys. Cough is due to failure of Lung descending function.
4)
Aetiology: a) Poor diet and eating habits b) Smoking c) Precipitated or aggravated by Invasion of Exterior Wind-Heat. d) Emotional stress (which leads to formation of Heat).
5)
Treatment Principles: Resolve Phlegm. Clear Heat. Stimulate Lung Descending function.
Examples of Points: (a) Lu 5, Lu 7, Lu 10, LI 11, Lu 1, Bl 13, St 40.
(b) St 36, Ren 12, Bl 20 – if necessary for underlying Spleen deficiency.
Needle technique: (a) Even or Reduction. (b) Tonification.
Other Lung syndromes
- Invasion of Lung by Wind-Water
- Phlegm-Fluids Obstructing the Lungs
- Dry-Phlegm in the Lungs
- Cold-Phlegm in the Lungs
- Lung Heat
