Kidney Syndromes Flashcards
Kidney Yin Deficiency
1) Symptoms
2) Pulse and Tongue
3) Pathology
4) Aetiology
5) Treatment
6) Precursors of pattern
7) Developments
1)
Dizzyness, tinnitus, vertigo, poor memory, hardness of hearing, night sweating, dry mouthand throat at night, lower backache, ache in bones, noctural emmisions, constipation, dark scanty urine, infertility, premature ejaculation, tiredness, lassitude, depression, slight anxiety.
Empty heat- Five palm heat, a feeling of heat in the evening, malar flush, menopausal hot flushes, thirst with a desire to drink in small sips, pronouced anxiety in the evening, noctural emissions with dreams.
2)
Pulse: Floating, Empty, especially left, rear position, and Rapid.
Tongue Body: Red, may be partially Peeled or Peeled, may be Cracks in severe cases.
3)
Pathology: Most symptoms are due to Kidney Yin Deficiency and also Kidney Essence as Essence is part of Kidney-Yin. Deficient Kidney Yin fails to produce enough Marrow to fill the Brain causing dizziness, tinnitus, vertigo and poor memory. Yin deficiency leads to a lack of Body Fluids causing dry mouth and throat at night, dry stools and scanty dark urine. Night sweating is due to deficient Yin failing to hold Defensive (Wei) Qi in the body at night so that the precious Yin nutritive essences come out in the form of sweat. Nocturnal emissions are due to Kidney Jing Deficiency. Lower backache and ache in bones are because the Kidney Jing fails to nourish the bones. Depression and lassitude are due to the Will (Zhi) being weak and slight anxiety is caused by Empty Heat which results from Yin deficiency.
4)
Aetiology: a) Chronic illness. b) Overwork. c) Excess sex. d) After-effects of External attack of Heat causing loss of Body Fluids. e) Long-term blood loss.
5)
Treatment Principle: Nourish Kidney Yin.
Examples of Points:
Ren 4 - Without moxa this point tonifies Kidney-Yin and Kidney-Essence.
Kid 3- tonifies the Kidneys.
Kid 6- specifically tonifies Kidney Yin and benefits the throat (dry throat at night).
Kid 10- specifically tonifies Kidney-Yin.
Kid 9- tonifies Kidney-Yin, especially useful in cases of anxiety and emotional tension of Kidney origin.
Sp 6- tonifies liver and Kidney Yin and calms the mind.
Lu 7 and Kid 6 in combination open the directing vessel (Ren Mai) and nourish Kidney-Yin.
Needle technique: Tonification.
6)
A deficiency of Liver-Yin may lead to Kidney-Yin deficiencyas the Liver and Kidneys share a common root. Deficiency of Heart or Lung Yin can also be a precursor. Kidney-Yang deficicency may also be a precursor, in which case Kidney Yang and Yin will be deficient (with Kidney-Yin predomiant).
7)
May lead to deficiency of various organs inparticular; liver, heart, lungs and stomach.
Kidney Yang Deficiency
1) Symptoms
2) Pulse and Tongue
3) Pathology
4) Aetiology
5) Treatment
1)
Key symptoms: Lower backache which is worse when cold or tired, feeling cold, weak legs and
knees, lethargy.
AccompanYing symptoms: Cold back and knees, bright white complexion, impotence, premature ejaculation, abundant clear urination, urination at night, oedema of the legs, infertility in women, low sperm count in men, inappropriate fear, apathy, poor appetite, loose stools.
2)
Pulse: Deep, Weak, Slow, especially left, rear position. Tongue Body: Pale, Wet, Swollen.
3)
Pathology: Most symptoms are due to Kidney Yang deficiency. Fire of Gate of Life (Ming Men) fails to warm the body causing all cold symptoms. All sexual and gynaecological symptoms are due to deficient Yang failing to warm and nourish the Essence. Kidney Yang failing to transform fluids results in abundant, clear urination and oedema of the legs. Loose stools and poor appetite are due to the Spleen Yang not being nourished by the Kidneys.
4)
Aetiology: a) Chronic illness. b) Excess sex. c) Poor diet – too many cold and raw foods. d) Old age. e) Excessive physical work. f) Excess exercise, especially before or during puberty.
5)
Treatment Principles: Tonify and Warm Kidney Yang. Strengthen Fire of the Gate of Life.
Examples of Points: Bl 23, Du 4, Ren 4, Ren 6, Kid 3, Kid 7, Bl 52, Jinggong (extra). Needle technique: Tonification.
Other applicable techniques: Moxa.
Kidney Qi Not Firm
1) Symptoms
2) Pulse and Tongue
3) Pathology
4) Aetiology
5) Treatment
1)
Key symptoms: Dribbling after urination, abundant urination, chronic vaginal discharge. AccompanYing symptoms: Lower backache, weak knees, clear frequent urination, weak-stream
urination, incontinence of urine, enuresis, urination at night, nocturnal emissions without dreams, premature ejaculation, spermatorrhoea, prolapse of uterus, a dragging-down feeling in the lower abdomen, recurrent miscarriage.
2)
Pulse: Deep, Weak, Slow, especially left, rear position.
Tongue Body: Pale, Wet, Swollen.
3)
Pathology: This syndrome results from Kidney Yang being deficient, the Original (Yuan) Qi being deficient and Kidney Qi sinking. All urinary symptoms result from Kidney Qi and Yuan Qi being deficient and unable to support the Bladder in its function of transforming Qi. The Kidneys control the two lower orifices and therefore deficiency leads to “leaking” symptoms (of vaginal discharge or sperm). Leaking symptoms also due to weak Yuan Qi not being able to hold in fluids and sperm.
4)
Aetiology: a) Old age. b) Excess sex. c) Childbirth. d) Excessive physical work.
5)
Treatment Principle: Reinforce and Stabilise Kidney Qi, Raise Qi, Tonify and Warm the Kidneys.
Examples of Points: Bl 23, Du 4, Kid 3, Bl 52, Ren 4, Ren 6, Du 20, Ki 13, Bl 28, Bl 32, Jinggong (extra).
Needle technique: Tonification. Other applicable techniques: Moxa.
Kidneys Failing to Receive Qi
1) Symptoms
2) Pulse and Tongue
3) Pathology
4) Aetiology
5) Treatment
1)
Key symptoms: Shortness of breath on exertion, difficulty inhaling.
AccompanYing symptoms: Rapid and weak breathing, chronic cough, chronic asthma, spontaneous
sweating, cold limbs after sweating, swelling of the face, lassitude, mental listlessness, clear urination after an asthma attack, lower backache.
2)
Pulse: Deep, Weak, Slow, especially left, rear position. Tongue Body: Pale, Wet, Swollen.
3)
Pathology: A Kidney Yang Deficiency syndrome with dysfunction in the Kidney function of Receiving Qi. This pattern is also characterized by a failure of the Lung and Kidneys to communicate (Lungs control exhalation and Kidneys control inhalation). If Kidney Yang is not sufficient to transform fluids, oedema may result in the face because of Lung involvement. Symptoms in the chest are due to the Kidney failing to hold Qi down so that it rises and accumulates in the chest. All other symptoms are due to Kidney Yang Deficiency.
5)
Aetiology: a) Inherited weakness of the Lung and Kidney. b) Long-term chronic illness. c) Excessive physical work. d) Excess exercise, especially before or during puberty.
6)
Treatment Principles: Tonify and Warm the Kidneys. Stimulate Kidney function of Reception of Qi. Stimulate Lung Descending function.
Examples of Points: Kid 3, Lu 7, Kid 6, St 36, Bl 23, Du 4, Ren 6, Ren 17, Kid 25, Du 12, Kid 7. Needle technique: Tonification.
Other applicable techniques: Moxa.
Kidney Jing Deficiency
1) Symptoms
2) Pulse and Tongue
3) Pathology
4) Aetiology
5) Treatment
6) Precursors of pattern
7) Developments
1)
Signs and Symptoms in children: Poor bone development, late closure of the fontanelle, deafness, frequent or chronic illness, poor mental development.
In adults key symptoms: Softening of bones, weakness of kness and legs, poor memory, loose teeth, falling hair or premature greying of hair, weakness of sexual activity, lower backache, infertility, sterility, primary amenorrhoea, dizziness, tinnitus, deafness, blurred vision, decreased mental sharpness.**
2)
Pulse: Floating and Empty or Leather.
Tongue Body: Red and Peeled if occurs against a background of Kidney Yin Deficiency, or Pale if against a background of Kidney Yang Deficiency.
3)
Pathology: Primarily a Kidney Yin Deficiency Syndrome, although there is also a Yang aspect to Jing. All symptoms are due to a deficiency of Kidney Jing, which controls growth and reproduction. Weak Jing fails to generate Marrow and nourish bones, leading to late closure of fontanelle, softening and weakening of bones, including teeth. Jing generates Marrow failing to fill the brain- all mental symptoms are due to marrow not nourishing brain. Kidney dominates hair and is material basis for all sexual function
4)
Aetiology: In children constitutional. In adults a) Old age. b) Excess sex. c) Overwork. d) Excessive physical exercise. e) Chronic, heavy blood loss (in women). f) Childbirth.
5)
Treatment Principle: Nourish Kidney Jing.
Examples of Points: Kid 3, Kid 6, Kid 13, Ren 4, Bl 23, Du 4, GB 39, Du 20, Du 14, Bl 15, Bl 11. Needle technique: Tonification.
Other applicable techniques: Moxa
Kidney Yang Deficient, Water Overflowing
1) Symptoms
2) Pulse and Tongue
3) Pathology
4) Aetiology
5) Treatment
1)
Key symptoms: Pitting oedema especially of the legs and ankles, feeling cold.
AccompanYing symptoms: Cold feeling in the legs and back, fullness and distension of abdomen,
lower backache which is worse when cold or tired, scanty clear urine.
Water overflowing to the Heart above symptoms + palpitations, breathlessness, cold hands.
Water overflowing to the Lungs above symptoms + thin watery frothy sputum, cough, asthma and breathlessness on exertion.
2)
Pulse: Deep, Weak, especially left, rear position and Slow. Tongue Body: Pale, Wet, Swollen.
Tongue Coat: White.
3)
Pathology: Severe Kidney Yang Deficiency. Most symptoms originate from Kidney Yang failing to transform fluids. Fluids accumulate under the skin in the form of oedema. The Fire of the Gate of Life (Ming Men) is deficient and therefore fails to warm the body causing all cold symptoms.
4)
Aetiology: a) Poor diet - too much raw, cold food. b) Excessive physical work. c) Excess sex.
d) Hereditary weakness. e) Chronic illness (especially involving long-term Spleen Yang Deficiency). f) Water overflowing to the Heart may be transmitted from Heart Yang Deficiency. g) Water overflowing to the Lung may be transmitted from Lung Qi Deficiency.
5)
Treatment Principles: Tonify and Warm Kidney Yang. Transform Water. Tonify and Warm Spleen Yang. Tonify and Warm Heart Yang or Lung Qi (whichever is appropriate).
Examples of Points:
Needle technique:
(a) Du 4, Bl 23, Bl 22, Bl 20, Kid 7.
For Water overflowing to the Heart Du 14, Bl 15.
For Water overflowing to the Lung Lu 7, Bl 13, Du 12. (b) Sp 9, Sp 6, St 28.
(a) Tonification.
(b) Even or reduction. Other applicable techniques: Moxa.
Kidney Yin Deficient, Empty Fire Blazing
1) Symptoms
2) Pulse and Tongue
3) Pathology
4) Aetiology
5) Treatment
1)
Key symptoms: Insomnia, night sweats, sore and achey lower back which is worse in the afternoon and evening, mental restlessness, low-grade fever or feeling of heat in the afternoon, dry throat especially at night.
AccompanYing symptoms: Malar flush, scanty dark urine, blood in urine, nocturnal emissions with dreams, excess sexual desire, vivid dreams, constipation with dry stools.
2)
Pulse: Floating, Empty, especially in left, rear position and Rapid. Tongue Body: Red, peeled, cracked, red tip.
3)
Pathology: This Syndrome corresponds to advanced Kidney Yin Deficiency causing Empty Fire. Most symptoms are caused by the flaring up of Empty Fire affecting the face and the Heart (malar flush, mental restlessness, insomnia, vivid dreams) and Dryness from Yin Deficiency (dry throat at night, scanty dark urine, dry stools). Nocturnal emissions are due to Kidney Jing deficiency.
4)
Aetiology: a) Chronic illness. b) Overwork. c) Excess sex. d) After-effects of External attack of Heat causing loss of Body Fluids. e) Long-term blood loss. f) Emotional problems, particularly fear and anxiety.
5)
Treatment Principles: Nourish Kidney Yin. Clear Empty Fire. Pacify Shen.
Examples of Points: (a) Kid 3, Kid 6, Kid 10, Kid 9, Ren 4, Sp 6. (b) Ki 2, He 5, Lu 7, Lu 10.
Needle technique: (a) Tonification.
b) Even or Reduction.
