lung sounds

Question 1

characteristics of tubular breath sounds

Answer 1

1) high freq - precerived as being relatively loud
2) long duration of E
3) brieg silen pause bw E & I

Question 2

characteristics of chest breath sounds

Answer 2

1_ low frew
2) short duration fo E – because most of high frequency componenets are concentrated in last 2/3 of exhalation
3) absence of silent pause between I & E

Question 3

vesicular breath sounds

Answer 3

produced in tubes but filtered by air-filled alveoli

Question 4

why tubular breath sounds in chest?

Answer 4

replacement of air with something capable of better transmitting high freq sounds
1) solid – emptying of alveoli air and collapse of alveoli - pleural effusion
2) liquids – blood, pus, serum

Question 5

wheezes

Answer 5

musical, high-pitched, continuous, adventitious lung sound
not sensitive or specific to asthma
**Expiratory OR exp & insp

Question 6

rhonchi

Answer 6

continuous, low-pitched adventitious lung sound in early expirtation
generated by air flowign through narrowed airway – usually caused by inspissated secretions
have snore quality

Question 7

rub

Answer 7

grating, creaky and rubbing quality on both inspiration and expiration

can occur with bacterial pneumo, collagen vascular dz, pulm infarcts

Question 8

stridor

Answer 8

high pitched, purely inspiratory continuous adventitious sound

Question 9

crackles (in general)

Answer 9

short and explosive estra sounds that are so short in duration to be called discontinuous adventitous lung sounds

Question 10

early I crackles

Answer 10

generated by air flowing through central bronchi, usually close to trachea
these bronchi are large and coated with thin secretions
typical of bronchitis, either acute or chronic
may often clear with cough

Question 11

late I crackles

Answer 11

generated by small peripheral airways partially collapsed as a result of high interstitial pressure
when sudden reopening of bronchioli when pt takes deep breath a pop sounds is made
these sounds are like velcro

Question 12

mid I crackles

Answer 12

originate in inflamed and partially dilated medium sized bronchi
most commonly result fo bronchiectasis

Question 13

cuases late I crackles

Answer 13

fibrosis or fluid-filling of pulm interstitium

Question 14

late inspiratory squeak

Answer 14

important lung sound bc only three diseases - generated by reopening of bronchiolar lumen (often associated with series of late-inspriatory crackles)
1) bronchiolitis obliterans
2) pulm fibrosis
3) allergic alveolitis

Question 15

amphoric breath sound

Answer 15

like blowing air in jug – from air blowing into large pulm cavity – usually from necrotizing pneumonias