Lung markings Flashcards
Apex of lung
extends 3 cm above medial 1/3 of clavicle
Anterior marking 1
Descends from apex behind sterno-clavicular joint
anterior marking 2
Come together at manubriosternal joint (angle of Louis) find the 3rd rib
left 1
Find the 3rd rib, down off it to the level of 4th costal cartilage
left 2
The right border continues straight down to the 6 costal cartilage and the border continues round to mid axilla, and follows the 8th rib
left 3
goes laterally and inferiorly (cardiac notch) to reach the inferior border at the level of the 6 costal cartilage in the mid clavicular line.
left 4
It then goes to the 8th rib in the mid-axillary line
right 1
Descends sown to the 6th costal cartilage
right 2
To the 6th rib in the mid-clavicular line
right 3
the 8th rib in the mid-axillary line
3
posterior markings
- Passes down from apex 2 cm lateral to the spinous processes to the level of 10th rib
- They come across the 10th rib horizontally
- Join the lungs at the mid axillary line
fissures & lobes
Each lung has an oblique fissure; the right lung in addition also has a horizontal fissure.
The right lung therefore has an upper, middle and lower lobe while the left has only an upper and lower.
oblique fissure
- diagonal line From a point 2 cm lateral to spine of T3
- crossing mid axillary line at the 5 rib reaching inferior border of the lung at 6 costal cartilage
- The medial border of the scapula gives (a good guide for the direction of this line when the arm is raised above the head)
Oblique fissure 6 points
Indicated by a line drawn from:
1. Starts at the spinous process of T3
2. Descends downwards and laterally following the medial boarder of the scapula (ask model to abduct arm out to 90° to follow boarder)
3. To the 5 rib in the mid axillary line
4. Continues from the 5th rib in the mid-axillary line to the 6th costal cartilage
5. This causes a divide into the upper and lower lobe
6. Same on both sides
horizontal fissure 3 points
Indicated by a line drawn from:
1. starts anteriorly at the 4th costal cartilage
2. down to the 5th rib in the mid axillary line
3. where it meets the oblique fissure
horizontal fissure seperates
the superior and middle lobes
oblique fissure seperates
middle and inferior lobes
left lung size
The left lung is smaller than the right because the heart lies slightly to the left within the thoracic cage
lung sacs are enclosed by
pleural sac double layered
Visceral pleura
forms the outermost layer of the lungs
Parietal pleura
- lines the pulmonary cavities.
Pleural cavity
- lies between the visceral and parietal pleura
- contains a small film of serous fluid that reduces friction between the layers.
pleura markings
- Follow the same surface markings of the lungs except for inferiorly
- At the mid-axillary line at the 10th rib anteriorly and the 12th rib posteriorly
Same on both sides
inferior angle of scap
T7