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Year 1 resp. > Lung Infections > Flashcards

Lung Infections Flashcards

1
Q

Define pneumonia

A

symptoms + signs of infection with CXR infiltrate

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2
Q

Allergic rhinitis

A 
Type 1 hypersensitivity 
- seasonal - pollen 
rhinohorrea 
perennial 
dust mites/ pet fur
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3
Q

Nasal Polyps

A

Nodes

  • Goblet cell hyperplasia/ eosinophils/ thick basal lamina
  • recurrent infection
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4
Q

Strep. throat

A

viral infection

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5
Q

Quinsy

A

complication of tonsillitis
- peri tonsillar abscess
obstructs airway
drained + IV antibiotics

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6
Q

Epiglottitis

A

Medical emergency

  • haemophilus Influenza
  • obstruction of airway
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7
Q

Diphtheria

A

bacterial infection
endotoxin secreted
produces pseudomembrane
- occludes airway

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8
Q

Bronchiolitis

A

Respiratory syncytial Virus
common + worse in kids
inflammation of bronchi

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9
Q

Middle Eastern Respiratory Coronavirus

A

|High mortality

reservoir -> camels

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10
Q

2 main classes of pneumonia

A

hospital/ community acquired

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11
Q

Community Acquired Pneumonia standard treatment

A

1g amoxicillin x 3per d / 100 mg doxycycline x 2 per d

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12
Q

Hospital acquired pneumonia

A

cover for gram -ve organisms

- gentamicin/ metronidazole/ clarythromicin + amoxiciiin

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13
Q

CURB65 means

A 
New confusion 
Urea > 7 mmol/L in plasma - kidney failure 
Resp. Rate >30
BP systolic <90
over 65
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14
Q

CURB65 = 0/1

A

treat in community

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15
Q

CURB65 = 2/3

A

admission for obs

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16
Q

CURB65 = 4/5

A

HDU/ AMU

17
Q

Community acquired pneumonia - old people =

A

Step. pneumonia
- alpha haemolytic
rust coloured sputum

18
Q

Community acquired pneumonia young people

A

mycoplasma
- spikes every 4 years
tetracyclines + clarithromycin

19
Q

Contact with warm stagnant water

Holiday? Cheap Hotel? Aircon?

A

Legionella

- Levofloxacin

20
Q

Chlamydia Pneumonia

A

Atypical community acquired pneumonia

21
Q

Pneumonia - keeps exotic birds

A

Chlamydia psittaci

22
Q

IV drug user, necrotising cavities on CXR

A

staph. A

23
Q

Pneumonia, previous URTI/ Flu

A

Haemophilus Influenza

24
Q

HIV/ immunosuppressed patient - pneumonia

A

Pneumocystis

- natural lung flora immune system limits growth

25
Q

Pneumonia - CF/ bronchiectasis/ tracheostomy

A

Pseudomonas

26
Q

Pneumonia - alcoholic/ poor dental hygiene/ diabetes

A

Klebsiella pneumonia

- lung abscesses/ empyema

27
Q

Q fever

A

coxiella burnetti

  • sheep + goat interactions
  • CULTURE NEGATIVE ENDOCARDITIS
28
Q

Treatment of ACtive TB

A

2 months RIPE

4 months RI

29
Q

TB Drugs RIPE def.

A

Rifampicin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol

30
Q

Add to TB treatment if HIV positive treatment

A

Pyridoxine

31
Q

TB tests

A

PCR/ acid fast/ ziel neilsen/ culture - takes 8 weeks

32
Q

Symptoms TB

A

Night sweats/ fever/ weight loss/ cough/ breathlessness/ haemoptysis

Year 1 resp. (6 decks)

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