Lung Infections Flashcards
Define pneumonia
symptoms + signs of infection with CXR infiltrate
Allergic rhinitis
Type 1 hypersensitivity - seasonal - pollen rhinohorrea perennial dust mites/ pet fur
Nasal Polyps
Nodes
- Goblet cell hyperplasia/ eosinophils/ thick basal lamina
- recurrent infection
Strep. throat
viral infection
Quinsy
complication of tonsillitis
- peri tonsillar abscess
obstructs airway
drained + IV antibiotics
Epiglottitis
Medical emergency
- haemophilus Influenza
- obstruction of airway
Diphtheria
bacterial infection
endotoxin secreted
produces pseudomembrane
- occludes airway
Bronchiolitis
Respiratory syncytial Virus
common + worse in kids
inflammation of bronchi
Middle Eastern Respiratory Coronavirus
|High mortality
reservoir -> camels
2 main classes of pneumonia
hospital/ community acquired
Community Acquired Pneumonia standard treatment
1g amoxicillin x 3per d / 100 mg doxycycline x 2 per d
Hospital acquired pneumonia
cover for gram -ve organisms
- gentamicin/ metronidazole/ clarythromicin + amoxiciiin
CURB65 means
New confusion Urea > 7 mmol/L in plasma - kidney failure Resp. Rate >30 BP systolic <90 over 65
CURB65 = 0/1
treat in community
CURB65 = 2/3
admission for obs
CURB65 = 4/5
HDU/ AMU
Community acquired pneumonia - old people =
Step. pneumonia
- alpha haemolytic
rust coloured sputum
Community acquired pneumonia young people
mycoplasma
- spikes every 4 years
tetracyclines + clarithromycin
Contact with warm stagnant water
Holiday? Cheap Hotel? Aircon?
Legionella
- Levofloxacin
Chlamydia Pneumonia
Atypical community acquired pneumonia
Pneumonia - keeps exotic birds
Chlamydia psittaci
IV drug user, necrotising cavities on CXR
staph. A
Pneumonia, previous URTI/ Flu
Haemophilus Influenza
HIV/ immunosuppressed patient - pneumonia
Pneumocystis
- natural lung flora immune system limits growth
