Drugs Flashcards
Salbutamol
SABA - short term bronchodilation - agonises B2 receptors COPD + Asthma 5mg per 15mins in acute asthma attack Over dose = Beta 1 activation + CO
Salmeterol/ formoterol
LABA - long acting bronchodilation - agonises B2 3rd line asthma COPD + LAMA
Beclometasone Diproprinate
ICS - Prevents inflammation - promotes anti inflammation - Lipophilic 2nd line asthma eosinophilic COPD Immune suppression - HIGH WBC count
Budesonide/ fluticasone
ICS
Prednisolone
Oral corticosteroid
- 2 week max usage
side effects
Pneumonia in COPD
Theophylline
Methyl xanthine - Inhibits Phosphodiesterase - Greater PKA activity 4th line asthma treatment - narrow therapeutic window
Montelukast/ zafirlukast
Leukotriene Receptor Antagonists - Block leukotriene binding - NSAIDs asthma - Prevents oedema + mucous hypersecretion 3rd line asthma treatment
Sodium Chromoglicate
Chromone
mast cell stabiliser
prevents degranulation
4th line
Omalizumab
Anti IgE
- Prevents mast cell response
4th line
mepolizumab/ benralizumab
Anti Il - 5
Prevents eosinophil influx
Dupilumab
Anti IL 4 alpha
- block IL-4 + IL13 binding
- Prevents B cell activation + goblet cell hyper secretion
Ipratropium
SAMA
- Antagonised M3 receptors
- prevents bronchoconstriction
- 0.5mg every 15 mins in acute asthma attack
Tiotropium
LAMA
- long acting M3 antagonist
1st line COPD + LABA
Rifampicin
TB treatment
Jaundice/ acute porphyria/ hepatitis/ sickness/ thrombocytopenia/ leucopenia
Isoniazid
TB treatment
Acute porphyria/ hepatitis
Pyrazinamide
TB treatment
Dysuria/ Malaise/ photosensitivity/ sickness
Ethambutol
TB treatment
Visual impairment/ nerve disorders/ sickness/ confusion/ hyperuricaemia
Active TB treatment
2 months
- RIPE
4 months
- RI
Latent TB
3 months
RI
Lumacaftor
CF - F508 del only
Class II CF
Incorporates CFTR into membrane
Ivacaftor
Opens CF channel
Type III CF
Non functioning channel
- Ivacaftor potentiates
Roflumilast
phosphodiesterase inhibitor
- decreased conversion of cAMP -> 5’AMP
greater PKA activity
bronchodilation
PIRFENIDONE/ NINTEDANIB
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- anti fibrotic agents
slow down fibrosis process
Fostair
ICS + LABA inhaler
beclomethasone + fomoterol
Asthma
