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Respiratory medicine > Lung disease > Flashcards

Lung disease Flashcards

1
Q

Types of lung cancer tumour

A

Small cell and non-small cell

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2
Q

Types of non-small cell lung cancer

A

Adenocarcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma, Large cell

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3
Q

Risk factors for lung cancer

A

Smoking, Elderly, Family history, Asbestos, Radon, Chromium, COPD

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4
Q

Symptoms of haemoptysis

A

Cough, Haemoptysis, SoB, Chest pain, Weight loss, Recurrent pneumonia, Hoarse voice

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5
Q

Signs of lung cancer

A

Monophonic wheeze, Clubbing, Palpable lymph (supraclavicular and axillary) nodes

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6
Q

Possible sequelae of lung cancer

A

SVC obstruction, Horner’s syndrome, SIADH, Cushing’s, Hypercalcaemia, VTE, Cord compression, Brain mets, Pleural effusion, Adrenal mets

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7
Q

Investigations for lung cancer

A

Bloods: FBC, U+Es, LFTs, Ca, INR

CXR, CT, PET, Biopsy, Bronchoscopy, Thoracoscopy

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8
Q

CXR findings with lung cancer

A

Opacity, Hilar enlargement, Collapse, Effusion

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9
Q

Management of lung cancer

A

Radiotherapy, Chemotherapy, Surgery

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10
Q

Indication for surgery in lung cancer

A

WHO performance score of 2 or less

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11
Q

Define a WHO performance score of 0

A

Normal

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12
Q

Define a WHO performance score of 1

A

Restricted on exercise

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13
Q

Define a WHO performance score of 2

A

Out of a chair >50% of the day

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14
Q

Define a WHO performance score of 3

A

In a chair >50% of the day

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15
Q

Define a WHO performance score of 4

A

Bed bound

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16
Q

Define a WHO performance score of 5

A

Dead

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17
Q

Diseases included in interstitial lung disease

A

Extrinsic allergic alveolitis, Sarcoidosis, Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, Asbestosis

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18
Q

Symptoms of sarcoidosis

A

SoB, Dry cough, Extra-pulmonary symptoms

19
Q

Signs of sarcoidosis

A

Hepatosplenomegaly, Lymphadenopathy

20
Q

Investigations for sarcoidosis

A

CXR, Spirometry

21
Q

CXR findings with sarcoidosis

A

Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, Beading in the fissure, Widened sternum

22
Q

Spirometry findings with sarcoidosis

A

Restrictive

23
Q

Management of sarcoidosis

A

Steroids, Methotrexate, immunosuppressants

24
Q

Symptoms of extrinsic allergic alveolitis

A

Intermittent cough, Intermittent SoB

25
Q

Investigations for extrinsic allergic alveolitis

A

CXR, Spirometry

26
Q

CXR findings for extrinsic allergic alveolitis

A

Upper zone fibrosis/consolidation

27
Q

Management of extrinsic allergic alveolitis

A

Conservative: Avoid triggers
Medical: Steroids

28
Q

Symptoms of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

A

Dry cough, SoB

29
Q

Investigations for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

A

CXR, CT

30
Q

CXR findings in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

A

Reticular shadowing

31
Q

CT findings in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

A

Honeycombing

32
Q

Management of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

A

Steroids

33
Q

Risk factors for pulmoary embolism

A

Bed rest, Surgery, Thrombophilia, Malignancy, Pregnancy

34
Q

Symptoms of pulmonary embolism

A

SoB, Haemoptysis, Chest pain (worse on inhalation), Syncope

35
Q

Signs of pulmonary embolism

A

Cyanosis, Tachypnoea, Tachycardia, Raised JVP, Pleural rub, Pleural effusion, Right heave, hypotension

36
Q

Features of a massive pulmonary embolism

A

Hypotension, Right heart strain

37
Q

Investigations for pulmonary embolism

A

Bloods: FBC, U+Es, Clotting, D-Dimer

ABG, CXR, ECG, V/Q scan, CTPA

38
Q

ECG findings in pulmonary embolism

A

RBBB, Right heart strain

39
Q

Management of a stable Pulmonary embolism

A

Oxygen, Morphine, IV fluids

Dalteparin 15000

40
Q

Management of a massive Pulmonary embolism

A

Oxygen, Morphine, IV fluids

Alteplase 50mg

41
Q

Follow up management of a pulmonary embolism of no known cause

A

Warfarin for 6 months

42
Q

Follow up management of a pulmonary embolism of known cause

A

Warfarin for 6 weeks

43
Q

Target INR range for post PE warfarinisation

A

2-3

Respiratory medicine (4 decks)

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