Lung Carcinoma Flashcards
What is the primary association of carcinoma of the lung?
Smoking
More prevalent in males and affects central lung tissues.
What mutation is associated with squamous cell carcinoma of the lung?
p53 mutation
This type also shows PTH releasing peptide leading to hypercalcemia.
What are the histological features of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung?
Keratin pearls on h/p
IHC marker includes p40/p63.
Which mutation is associated with small cell carcinoma of the lung?
L-myc mutation
This type is known for various paraneoplastic syndromes.
What paraneoplastic syndromes are associated with small cell carcinoma of the lung?
- Cushing’s syndrome
- SIADH
- Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome
This carcinoma can show the Azopardi effect and is marked by neuro-endocrine markers.
What is the Azopardi effect?
Basophilic nuclear material in blood vessels
It is associated with small cell carcinoma of the lung.
What are the IHC markers for small cell carcinoma of the lung?
- Synaptophysin
- Chromogranin
- NSE
These markers denote its neuro-endocrine characteristics.
What is a Pan-coast tumor?
Tumor at the apices of lungs
The most common type is squamous cell carcinoma.
What are the complications associated with a Pan-coast tumor?
- Horner syndrome
- SVC syndrome
It compresses nearby structures like the RLN and sympathetic chain.
What is the most common type of lung cancer overall?
Adenocarcinoma of lung
More prevalent in females and affects peripheral lung tissues.
What mutations are commonly found in adenocarcinoma of the lung?
- KRAS
- EGFR
- ALK
This type presents with lepidic spread on histopathology.
What is lepidic spread?
Spread along alveolar septa
It is a histological feature of adenocarcinoma.
What are the associated syndromes with adenocarcinoma of the lung?
- Trousseau syndrome (migratory thrombophlebitis)
- Clubbing of digits (hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy)
These are clinical features linked to this type of lung cancer.
What is the typical presentation of large cell carcinoma of the lung?
Faster growth but presents with symptoms later
It has similar features to small cell carcinoma but originates peripherally.
What are the symptoms of SVC syndrome?
- Dilated veins
- Flushing
- Pemberton sign (+)
This syndrome is not associated with smoking.
