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Year 4: Respiratory > Lung Cancer > Flashcards

Lung Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

histological classifications of lung cancer

A

non-small cell

small cell

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2
Q

types of non-small cell lung cancer

A

squamous cell
adenocarcinoma
large cell

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3
Q

most common type of lung cancer

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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4
Q

features of squamous cell carcinoma

A

typically central
can release PTHrP – hypercalcaemia
associated with finger clubbing

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5
Q

features of adenocarcinoma

A

typically peripheral

most common type of lung cancer in non-smokers

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6
Q

features of large cell carcinoma

A

typically peripheral
poorly differentiated, poor prognosis
can secrete B-HCG

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7
Q

symptoms of lung cancer

A 
SOB
cough
haemoptysis
finger clubbing
weight loss
lymphadenopathy
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8
Q

first investigation for suspected lung cancer

A

Chest XRAY

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9
Q

histological diagnosis of lung cancer investigated with..?

A

bronchoscopy

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10
Q

what is a pancoast tumour

A

tumour in pulmonary apex pressing on sympathetic ganglion causing corners syndrome

  • ptosis
  • miosis
  • anhidrosis
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11
Q

what tumour can cause hypercalcaemia

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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12
Q

what tumour can cause hyponatraemia

A

small cell carcinoma

- SIADH caused by ectopic secretion of ADH

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13
Q

what tumour can cause cushings syndrome

A

small cell carcinoma secreting ACTH

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14
Q

facial swelling, distended veins in head + neck, difficulty breathing

A

superior vena cava obstruction

- complication of lung cancer

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15
Q

Pembertons sign

A

raising hands above head causes facial congestion + cyanosis

  • SVC obstruction
  • medical emergency
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16
Q

what nerve palsys can occur as complications of lung cancer

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy

phrenic nerve palsy

17
Q

presentation recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy

A

hoarse voice

18
Q

presentation phrenic palsy

A

SOB

19
Q

what type of lung cancer can cause gynaecomastia

A

adenocarcinoma

20
Q

what is hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy

A

proliferative periostitis affecting long bones

  • painful
  • associated with squamous cell carcinoma
21
Q

what cancer can cause Lambert eaton syndrome

A

small cell lung cancer

22
Q

what is Lambert eaton syndrome

A

antibodies against voltage activated calcium channels

23
Q

symptoms of Lambert eaton

A 
proximal muscle weakness
diplopia 
ptosis 
slurred speech 
dysphasia
24
Q

what is a mesothelioma

A

cancer of mesothelial cells of the pleura

  • linked to asbestosis
  • poor prognosis
25
Q

treatment of small cell lung cancer

A

chemo + radiotherapy

26
Q

treatment of non-small cell lung cancer

A

surgery if disease in single area

radiotherapy

Year 4: Respiratory (9 decks)

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