Lung Cancer Flashcards
diagnosis, staging and treatment of chest malignancy
1
Q
Types of Lung Cancer
A
20% Small Cell Carcinoma
80% Non-small cell
Non-small cell: Squamous cell, Adenocarcinoma, Large Cell (or Neuroendicrine)
2
Q
Risk Factors
A
SMOKING 90%
Urban Environment
Environmental Exposure: Radon, Asbestos, Polycyclic Aromatic hydro-carbons, Arsenic, Chromium, Nickel, Petrolium
Radiation
FH
Preexisting Interstitial Lung Disease
HIV infection
3
Q
Symptoms of primary lung tumour
A
Cough SOB Haemoptysis Pleuritic Pain Monophasic wheeze Hoarse Voice Recurrent RTI's Stridor Mass Effect: nerve compression/invasion or brachial plexus or phrenic nerve / Superior Vena Cava Obstruction
4
Q
Systemic Symptoms of Lung Cancer
A
Malignant pleural effusion Weight Loss Anorexia SIADH Hypercalcaemia Clubbing Metastisis to BONE, BRAIN, LIVER, ADRENAL
Rarely: Lambert Eaton DIC Haemolytic anaemia Acanthosis Nigrans / Dermatomyositis Paraneoplastic syndrome
5
Q
Investigations for Lung Ca
A
CXR CT thorax PET Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy + Biopsy Percutaneous Aspiration + Biopsy
6
Q
Xray findings in Lung Ca
A
Mass Lesion Unilateral Pleural effusion Unresolving consolidation Reticular Shadowing Mediastinal Widening Hilar Adenopathy Collapse (NAD)
7
Q
Staging of Lung Ca
A
TNM and then I to IV
Tumour IS
1 <3cm no local invasion
2 3-7cm only invades visceral pleura
3. >7cm or invades beyond visceral plerua
4. Invade vital structures
Nodes 1.
2.
3.
Mets 0.
1. a)
1. b)
