Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MSPC237 > Lung And Pleura > Flashcards

Lung And Pleura Flashcards

1
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two types of pleura?

A

Visceral and Parietal

Visceral pleura tightly covers the lung surface while parietal pleura lines the thoracic walls.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of the pleural cavity?

A

Contains serous pleural fluid that lubricates pleural surfaces

This allows the layers of pleura to slide smoothly over each other during respiration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the parts of the parietal pleura?

A
  • Costal
  • Mediastinal
  • Diaphragmatic
  • Cervical

Each part has specific locations and functions related to the thoracic cavity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the main components of the thoracic cavity?

A
  • Heart
  • Thoracic part of great vessels
  • Thoracic part of the trachea
  • Esophagus
  • Thymus
  • Lymph nodes
  • Pleura
  • Pleural cavity

These structures are essential for various functions including circulation and respiration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the significance of the hilum of the lung?

A

It is where the visceral and parietal pleura are continuous and where structures enter and exit the lung

Structures include bronchi, pulmonary arteries, and veins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

True or False: The right main bronchus is longer and more vertical than the left main bronchus.

A

False

The right main bronchus is shorter, wider, and more vertical than the left.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Fill in the blank: The _______ is a potential pleural space located at the border of the mediastinal pleura and the costal pleura.

A

Costomediastinal recess

This recess is important in the context of pleural effusion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are bronchopulmonary segments?

A

Pyramidal-shaped segments of the lung, each with its own tertiary bronchus, pulmonary artery, and vein

There are 10 segments in the right lung and 8 to 10 in the left lung.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the role of bronchial arteries?

A

Supply blood for nutrition of lung structures and visceral pleura

They arise from the thoracic aorta and support the lung’s structural integrity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does the term ‘costodiaphragmatic recess’ refer to?

A

A potential pleural space that allows for lung expansion during respiration

It is located between the diaphragm and the lower margin of the pleura.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How many lobes does the left lung have?

A

Two lobes

The left lung consists of a superior and inferior lobe, separated by an oblique fissure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of the tracheobronchial tree?

A

Conducts air from the larynx to the lungs

The structure is supported by C-shaped rings of hyaline cartilage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the three surfaces of the lung?

A
  • Costal
  • Mediastinal
  • Diaphragmatic

Each surface interacts with different anatomical structures and has specific characteristics.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the primary function of the lungs?

A

Oxygenate the blood by bringing inspired air into close relation with venous blood in pulmonary capillaries

This is vital for respiration and maintaining oxygen levels in the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the visceral pleurae?

A

The membranes that cover the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What regions do the peripheral regions of the lung refer to?

A

The outer parts of the lung

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Where does the right bronchial vein drain?

A

Into the azygous vein

19
Q

Where does the left bronchial vein drain?

A

Into the accessory hemiazygous vein or left superior intercostal vein

20
Q

What is the primary function of the lymphatic drainage system?

A

To drain fluid (lymph) that has leaked from blood vessels and return it to the bloodstream

21
Q

What does the lymphatic drainage system eliminate from damaged tissue?

A

Cell debris through filtering and phagocytosis by lymph nodes

22
Q

How does the lymphatic system relate to cancer?

A

It provides a pathway for cancer cells to metastasize

23
Q

What does the lymphatic drainage collect from the lungs?

A

Carbon, dust particles, and pollutants not filtered by the epithelium

24
Q

Where does lymph from deep and superficial lymphatic plexus drain?

A

Into superior and inferior tracheobronchial lymph nodes

25
Q

What do the right and left bronchomediastinal lymph trunks drain into?

A

Right merges with other ducts to form right lymphatic duct; left terminates in thoracic duct

26
Q

Which nerves supply the parietal pleura?

A

Intercostal and phrenic nerves

27
Q

What is the source of the nerves for the lungs and visceral pleurae?

A

Pulmonary plexuses

28
Q

What type of fibers are conveyed to the pulmonary plexuses from CNX?

A

Parasympathetic presynaptic fibers

29
Q

What is the effect of parasympathetic fibers on the bronchial tree?

A

Bronchoconstrictor, vasodilator, and secretomotor

30
Q

Where are the cell bodies of sympathetic fibers located?

A

In the paravertebral sympathetic ganglia of the sympathetic trunk

31
Q

What is the effect of sympathetic fibers on the bronchial muscle?

A

Bronchodilator and vasoconstrictor

32
Q

What condition is characterized by air in the pleural cavity?

A

Pneumothorax

33
Q

What can cause atelectasis?

A

Free air in the pleural space causing lung deflation

34
Q

What is tension pneumothorax?

A

A severe form of pneumothorax where pressure builds up in the pleural space

35
Q

What is pneumonia?

A

Infection of the alveoli of the lung

36
Q

What are the common causes of pneumonia?

A

Viruses, bacteria, and sometimes fungi

37
Q

What is asthma characterized by?

A

Bronchoconstriction, wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, and excess pulmonary mucus

38
Q

How does a normal lung appear on an X-ray?

A

As black space due to its spongy structure

39
Q

How does pneumonia affect lung appearance on X-ray?

A

It appears white or opaque due to fluid and cell accumulation

40
Q

What does COPD stand for?

A

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

41
Q

What is emphysema?

A

Irreversible loss of pulmonary gas exchange area due to inflammation

42
Q

What results from the combined effect of emphysema?

A

Increase in diameter of alveoli and decrease in total number of alveoli

43
Q

What is empyema?

A

Accumulation of pus in the pleural cavity

44
Q

What is the general arrangement of the lung root when sectioned?

A

Pulmonary artery is superiormost, superior and inferior veins are anteriormost and inferiormost, main bronchus is in the middle

MSPC237 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions