Lumbosacral Joint/Sacrococcygeal Joint/Sacro-Iliac Joint and Accessory Sacro-Iliac Joint Ligaments

Question 1

Based on current literature what common ligaments are absent at the lumbosacral joint?

Answer 1

ligamentum nuchae, interspinous ligament and suprapsinous

Question 2

Which ligaments replace the intertransverse ligament at the lumbosacral joint?

Answer 2

the ililoumbar ligament and lumbosacral ligament

Question 3

Which of the current ligaments from the iliolumbar ligament complex represents the iliolumbar ligament of classical descriptions?

Answer 3

the superior iliolumbar ligament

Question 4

Which ligament from the iliolumbar ligament complex will attach to the sacral ala?

Answer 4

the inferior iliolumbar ligament

Question 5

Which ligament from the iliolumbar ligament complex represents the lumbosacral ligamentof classical descriptions?

Answer 5

the inferior iliolumbar ligament

Question 6

What are the attachment sites for the acccessory iliolumbar ligament?

Answer 6

the transverse process of L4 and the iliac crest

Question 7

Which vertebral couple of the lumbar spine has the greatest range of motion?

Answer 7

L5/S1

Question 8

Which range of motion is greatest for all lumbar vertebral couples?

Answer 8

flexion - extension

Question 9

Which range of motion is least for L1 - L5 vertebral couples?

Answer 9

one side axial rotation

Question 10

Which range of motion is least for the L5/S1 vertebral couple?

Answer 10

one side lateral bending

Question 11

List, in order, from cranial to caudal the ligaments forming the anterior boundary of the spinal column.

Answer 11

the anterior atlanto-occipital ligament, anterior atlanto-axial ligament, anterior longitudinal ligament and the anterior sacrococcygeal ligament

Question 12

List, in order, from cranial to caudal the ligaments forming the anterior boundary of the spinal canal

Answer 12

the membrana tectoria, posterior longitudinal ligament, and deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligament

Question 13

List, in order, from cranial to caudal the ligaments forming the posterior boundary of the spinal canal.

Answer 13

the posterior atlanto-occipital ligament, the posterior atlanto-axial ligament, ligamentum flavum, and the superficial posterior sacrococcygeal ligament

Question 14

What forms the closure for the spinal canal inferiorly?

Answer 14

the fusion of the deep posterior sacrococcygeal ligaments with the superficial posterior sacrococcygeal ligament

Question 15

What is the homolog of the intertransverse ligament at the sacrococcygeal joint?

Answer 15

the lateral sacrococcygeal ligament

Question 16

What is the homolog of the capsular ligament at the sacrococcygeal joint?

Answer 16

the intercornual ligament

Question 17

What does the sacral cornu represent?

Answer 17

the inferior articular process and facet of S5

Question 18

What is the auricular surface of the ilium composed of?

Answer 18

articular cartilage, interspersed with fibrocartilage

Question 19

What is the superficial appearance of the auricular surfaces of the sacro-iliac joint by age 15?

Answer 19

the sacrum develops a sacral groove while the ilium develops an iliac ridge

Question 20

Which gender is biased with greater uneveness of the auricular sufaces of the sacro-iliac joint?

Answer 20

males

Question 21

What forms the accessory sacro-iliac joint?

Answer 21

the sacral tuberosity and the iliac sulcus

Question 22

What pathological or age-related modifications of the sacro-iliac joint may occur?

Answer 22

degenerative arthrosis and ankylosis

Question 23

What does degenerative arthorsis mean?

Answer 23

a condition of degeneration of the joint, sometimes referred to as degenerative joint disease (DJD)

Question 24

What does ankylosis mean?

Answer 24

a condition of fibrous adhesion occurs within the joint

Question 25

What is the age and surface bias associated with degenerative arthrosis of the sacro-iliac joint?

Answer 25

age 40, the iliac auricular surface

Question 26

What is the age and gender bias associated with ankylosis of the sacro-iliac joint?

Answer 26

age 50 and male bias particularly in African American males

Question 27

What movements at the sacro-iliac joint are described as forward nodding and backward nodding?

Answer 27

nutation and counternutation, respectively

Question 28

What is the age and gender bias assocaited with ossification of the anterior sacro-iliac ligament?

Answer 28

age 40 and male bias

Question 29

Which is the strongest of the sacro-iliac ligaments?

Answer 29

the interosseous sacro-iliac ligament

Question 30

What are the attachment sites of the interosseous sacroiliac ligament?

Answer 30

at the sacral tuberosity and iliac sulcus

Question 31

What is the relationship between the capsular and interosseous sacroiliac ligaments?

Answer 31

the interosseous sacro-iliac ligament replaces the capsular ligament posteriorly

Question 32

What passes between the layers of the interosseous sacro-iliac ligament?

Answer 32

dorsal rami from the sacral spinal nerves

Question 33

What ligament blends with the lateral border of the long posterior sacro-iliac ligament?

Answer 33

the sacrotuberous ligament

Question 34

What forms the falciform process?

Answer 34

the continuation of the sacrotuberous ligament along the ischial ramus

Question 35

What seprates the greater and lesser sciatic foramina?

Answer 35

the sacrospinous ligament