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Spinal Anatomy Test 2 > Lumbar Spine and Miscellaneous Lumbar Questions > Flashcards

Lumbar Spine and Miscellaneous Lumbar Questions Flashcards

1
Q

What is the generic shape of the typical lumbar vertebral body from the cranial view?

A

reniform or kidney-shaped

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2
Q

What accounts for the direction of lumbar curve?

A

vertebral body and intervertebral disc have a greater anterior height than posterior height

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3
Q

How many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of a typical lumbar?

A

six

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4
Q

How many cartilaginous (amphiarthorsis) symphysis joint surfaces are on a typical lumbar vertebral body?

A

two

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5
Q

How many synovial joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of a typical lumbar?

A

none

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6
Q

How many fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joint surfaces are a typical lumbar vertebral body?

A

four

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7
Q

What muscle(s) may attach from the second down to the fourth lumbar vertebral body?

A

psoas major

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8
Q

Psoas minor will only attach to the vertebral body of which segment?

A

T12, L1

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9
Q

What is the name given to ligaments that attach the vertebral body to articular process?

A

transforaminal ligament

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10
Q

What ligaments attach the vertebral body to the transverse process?

A

corporotransverse ligaments

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11
Q

Hofmann ligaments are identified in which region along the vertebral column?

A

cervical - upper thoracic region and lumbar region

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12
Q

Cervical - upper thoracic Hofmann ligaments will attach what structures together?

A

dura mater to segments above

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13
Q

What is the highest level known to demonstrate Hofmann ligaments?

A

C8

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14
Q

What is the proposed function of the cervical - upper thoracic Hofmann ligaments?

A

resist caudal movement of the dural sac;

resist gravitational forces on the dura and cord

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15
Q

Lumbar Hofmann ligaments will attach what structures together?

A

dura mater to lower segmental levels

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16
Q

What is the proposed function of the lumbar Hofman ligaments?

A

resist cranial movement of the dural sac during flexion

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17
Q

What osseous conditions of lumbar vertebrae facilitate a spinal tap in this region?

A

overlap of the laminae, shingling, diminishes;

overlap of spinous processes, imbrication, diminishes

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18
Q

What is the name of the elevation near the origin of the lumbar transverse process?

A

accessory process

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19
Q

A styloid process occurs with what frequency and as a result of what condition?

A

7% occurrence as a result of congenital elongation of the lumbar accessory process

20
Q

What muscle(s) attach to the lumbar accessory process?

A

longissimus thoracis and intertransversarii

21
Q

What muscles may attach to the transverse process of a typical lumbar vertebrae?

A

psoas major, quadratus lumborum, longissimus thoracis, rotator brevis, rotator longus, intertransversarii

22
Q

What muscles will attach to lumbar superior articular process?

A

multifidis and intertransversarii

23
Q

What ligament will attach to the lumbar superior articular process and transverse process?

A

mammillo-accessory ligament

24
Q

What was believed to be entrapped by the mammillo-accessory ligament?

A

medial branch of the dorsal ramus of a lumbar spinal nerve

25
Q

What is the joint classification for the typical lumbar zygapophysis?

A

synovial plane (diarthrosis arthrodia)

26
Q

How many synovial joints are present on a typical lumbar vertebra?

A

four

27
Q

What is the position of the lumbar zygapophysis in children?

A

lies in the coronal plane

28
Q

What is the position of the lumbar zygapophysis in adults?

A

lies in the sagittal plane for L1/L2, L2/L3, L3/L4;

in the coronal plane for L4/L5, L5/S1

29
Q

What is the name given to zygapophysis between vertebral couples that lie in the same plane?

A

joint symmetry

30
Q

What names are given to the condition in which one zygapophysis of a vertebral couple lies in the coronal plane or position and the other zygapophysis lies in the sagittal plane or position?

A

joint asymmetry or joint tropism

31
Q

What is the name of the condition in which the typical lumbar spinous process increase in length due to the aging process?

A

Baastrup’s syndrome or “kissing spines”

32
Q

What muscles will attach to the typical lumbar spinous process?

A

latissimus dorsi, serratus posterior inferior,
iliocostalis lumborum, longissiumus thoracis,
spinalis thoracis, multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis, interspinalis

33
Q

What is the appearance of the fifth lumbar vertebral body from the lateral view?

A

anterior height is greater than posterior height by several millimeters;
it appears to form a wedge on lateral X-ray view

34
Q

How many joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of the fifth lumbar?

A

six

35
Q

How many synovial joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of the fifth lumbar?

A

none

36
Q

How many cartilaginous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of L5?

A

two

37
Q

How many fibrous (amphiarthrosis) syndesmosis joint surfaces are present on the vertebral body of L5?

A

four

38
Q

What muscle(s) attach to the L5 vertebral body?

A

psoas major

39
Q

What is the orientation of the fifth lumbar superior articular facet?

A

backward, upward, medial (BUM);

typically concave

40
Q

What is the orientation of the fifth lumbar inferior articular facet?

A

forward, lateral, downward (FoLD);

significant convexity

41
Q

What is the name given to the congenital condition in which the fifth lumbar spinous process is elongated, the sacrum exhibits spina bifida, and dorsiflexion produces pain?

A

Knife Clasp Syndrome

42
Q

What muscles will attach to the fifth lumbar spinous process?

A

latissiumus dorsi, iliocostalis lumborum, longissimus thoracis,
multifidis, rotator longus, rotator brevis, interspinalis

43
Q

How many synovial joints are maximally observed at each lumbar vertebra?

A

L1-L5 = four each

44
Q

How many joints are traditionally observed at each lumbar vertebral body?

A

L1-L5 = six each

45
Q

What is the inferior articular facet orientation at each lumbar vertebra?

A

L1-L5 = forward, downward, lateral (FoLD)

Spinal Anatomy Test 2 (15 decks)

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