Lumbar Spine AEP 2

Question 1

pelvis movement relative to femur

Answer 1

in weight-bearing, femur is fixed
when this occurs, reversal of motion
-pelvis on femur

Question 2

what occurs when changing from open to closed chain at the pelvis

Answer 2

reversal of origin and insertion
examples
-glut med: lateral tilt of pelvis
-rec fem: anterior tilt of pelvis

Question 3

trendelenburg sign in R unilateral stance: effect at

• pelvis
• R femur
• lumbar spine

Answer 3

pelvis
-L lateral flexion
R femur
-adduction
lumbar spine
-R lateral flexion

Question 4

rotation of pelvis produces _____ at hip joints

Answer 4

medial/lateral rotation

Question 5

what happens when you stand and rotate to the right at the

• pelvis
• R hip
• L hip

Answer 5

pelvis
-R rotation
R hip
-internal rotation
L hip
-ER

Question 6

anterior pelvis tilt effect at

• hip
• lumbosacral

Answer 6

hip
-flexion
lumbosacral
-extension (increased lumbar lordosis)

Question 7

posterior pelvis tilt effect at

• hip
• lumbosacral

Answer 7

hip
-extension
lumbosacral
-flexion (decreased lumbar lordosis)

Question 8

lumbopelvic rhythm

• what is it
• function

Answer 8

coupled motion between pelvis and lumbar spine
function
-can increase overall trunk motion for function

Question 9

contralateral lumbopelvic rhythm

• what is it?
• common movements where it occurs

Answer 9

trunk remains stable as pelvis rotates over femur

occurs during anterior and posterior pelvic tilts

Question 10

flexion relaxation phenomenon (FRP)

• what is it
• what occurs when this happens
• when does it not occur
• -what else occurs in this population that is likely related

Answer 10

at full forward flexion, lumbar extensors “shut off”
loads transferred to passive structures in the spine
does not occur in people with LBP
gluteal activation decreases in people with LBP

Question 11

ideal standing posture

-sagittal view

Answer 11

ear cervical vertebral bodies
shoulder
lumbar vertebral bodies
posterior to hip axis
anterior to knee axis
anterior to lateral malleolus

Question 12

normal variability of posture

-how much does posture vary between and within day sin healthy people

Answer 12

good to excellent repeatability in sagittal view

• -anterior/posterior pelvis tilt
• more stable measure than posterior view (frontal plane)

Question 13

lumbosacral lordosis

• how do you measure?
• average measurement

Answer 13

angle between
-line from center of L3 body to L5 body
-line from L5 body to S1 body
average 150

Question 14

lumbosacral angle

• how do you measure
• average measurement

Answer 14

angle between
-horizontal line through L5
-line along superior endplate of S1
average 40

Question 15

pelvic tilt

• measured from
• larger angle indicates…
• small angle indicates…

Answer 15

measured from horizontal to a line drawn through the ASIS
larger indiciates anterior pelvic tilt
small indicates posterior pelvic tilts

Question 16

decreased lordosis: position of
-lumbar spine
-pelvis
-hip
-knee
effects on compression and shear

Answer 16

lumbar spine
-flexion
pelvis
-posterior tilt
hip
-flexion
knee
-extension
more compression, less shear

Question 17

gender differences in seated postures

Answer 17

females
-maintain lordosis
-sit upright on pelvis
-"perch" on the front edge of seat
males
-posteriorly rotate pelvis
-"slouch" and sit towards the back of the seat

Question 18

radiograph of lumbar spine in standing vs seated w/out back support

• effect on lordosis
• effect on lumbosacral angle
• sacral inclination

Answer 18

seated
-lordosis disappeared
lumbosacral angle
-decreased from 40 to 13
sacral inclination
-decreased from 43 to -2