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Axial Anatomy > Lumbar Spine > Flashcards

Lumbar Spine Flashcards

1
Q

Has the lumbar spine got or lordosis or kyphosis?

A

Lordosis

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2
Q

How many vertebrae make up the lumbar spine?

A

5

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3
Q

What shape is the spinous process?

A

Horizontal projection
Broad
Thick posterior border

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4
Q

What shape are the transverse processes?

A

Thin
Short
Projects laterally and backwards

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5
Q

Which way of the articular processes project?

A

They project vertically

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6
Q

What process is on the articular processes?

A

Mamillary

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7
Q

What does the anterior longitudinal ligament limit?

A

Limits spinal extension

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8
Q

What does the posterior longitudinal ligament limit?

A

Spinal Flexion

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9
Q

What does ligamentum flavum limit?

A

Spinal flexion

Rotation

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10
Q

What does the supraspinous ligament limit?

A

Flexion

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11
Q

What does the interspinous ligament limit?

A

Limits hyperflexion

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12
Q

What joints are in the lumbar spine?

A

Intertransverse joint

Facet joint

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13
Q

What are the movements available at the spine?

A

Flexion
Extension
Rotation
Lateral flexion

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14
Q

How many degrees of Flexion are available at the lumbar spine?

A

50-60 degrees

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15
Q

How many degrees of extension is available?

A

30 degrees

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16
Q

How many degrees of side Flexion are available?

A

25 degrees

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17
Q

How many degrees of rotation are available at the lumbar spine?

A

8-12 degrees

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18
Q

What are the accessory movements for the lumbar spine?

A

P-A spinous process

P-A transverse process

19
Q

What type of joint is the inter-transverse joint?

A

Symphysis joint

20
Q

What type of joint is the facet joints?

A

Synovial joint

21
Q

What is the fascia called in the lumbar spine?

A

Thoracolumbar fascia

22
Q

Where is the posterior layer of the Thoracolumbar fascia located?

A

Superficial to Errector Spinae and attached to spinous processes

23
Q

Where is the middle layer of the Thoracolumbar fascia located?

A

Between Errector Spinae and Quadratus Lumborum, attached to transverse tips

24
Q

Where is the anterior layer of the Thoracolumbar fascia located?

A

Deep to Quadratus Lumborum and attached to anterior of transverse processes

25
What are the lumbar spine flexors?
External obliques Internal obliques Rectus Abdominis
26
Where do the external obliques originate?
Outer surface of ribs 5-12 and their costal cartilages
27
Where do the external obliques insert?
Linea alba via rectus sheath Inguinal ligament Anterior 2/3 iliac crest
28
What are the actions of the external obliques?
Flexion Lateral Flexion Rotation (contralateral)
29
What are the origins of the internal obliques?
Lateral 2/3 inguinal ligament Anterior 2/3 iliac crest Thoracolumbar fascia
30
What are the insertions of the internal obliques?
10-12th ribs Linea alba Pectin pubis
31
What are the actions of the internal obliques?
Flexion Lateral Flexion Rotation (ipsilateral)
32
What are the origins of the Rectus Abdominis?
Xiphoid process | 5-7th costal cartilages
33
What are the insertions of the Rectus Abdominis?
Pubic symphysis | Pubic crest
34
What are the actions of the Rectus Abdominis?
Flexion Lateral Flexion (ipsilateral) Rotation (contralateral)
35
What muscles produce extension?
Errector Spinae | Quadratus Lumborum
36
What are the three sections of Errector Spinae?
Longissimus Spinalis Iliocostalis
37
What are the attachments for Quadratus Lumborum?
Lower border of rib 12 Transverse lumbar vertebrae Iliac crest Iliolumbar ligament
38
What laterally flexed the lumbar spine?
External obliques Internal obliques Rectus Abdominis (ipsilateral) Quadratus Lumborum
39
What rotates the lumbar spine?
``` External obliques (contralateral) Internal obliques (ipsilateral) Rectus Abdominis (contralateral) ```
40
What are the stabilisers of the lumbar spine?
``` Transversus Abdominis Multifidus Rotatores Interspinalis Intertranversaii ```
41
What are the origins of transversus Abdominis?
Internal surface of 7-12th costal cartilages Thoracolumbar fascia Iliac crest
42
What are the insertions of transversus Abdominis?
Linea alba via rectus sheath | Pectin pubis
43
What is the function of transversus Abdominis?
Stabiliser

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