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OPP II Exam 1 > Lumbar Muscle Energy > Flashcards

Lumbar Muscle Energy Flashcards

1
Q

What muscles make up the erector spinae?

A
  1. Iliocostalis
  2. Longissimus
  3. Spinalis
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2
Q

What are the functions of the erector spinae?

A
  • bilateral contraction = spinal extension

- unilateral contraction = extension + ipsilateral sidebending

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3
Q

What are the origin and insertion of erector spinae?

A

sacrum to cervical

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4
Q

What muscle group would antagonize the erector spinae?

A

psoas muscle and abdominal muscles because they would induce lumbar flexion

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5
Q

What are the origins and insertions of quadratus lumborum?

A

12th rib and lumbar transverse processes to iliolumbar ligament and iliac crest

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6
Q

what are the actions of QL?

A
  • bilateral contraction: extension

- unilateral contraction: extension with ipsilateral sidebending

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7
Q

What innervates QL?

A

T12 and L1-4 ventral rami

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8
Q

What is the function of the multifidus and rotatores?

A

These are postural muscles that control and stabilize individual vertebral motions

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9
Q

Psoas major

A

O: TP of T12-l5
I: lesser trochanter of femur
A: flexes and internally rotates hip
Innervation: L1-3 ventral rami

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10
Q

Iliacus

A

O: superior iliac fossa, inner lip of illiac crest, ventral sacroiliac and iliolumbar ligaments, upper lateral sacrum
I: lateral tendon of psoas
A: hip flexion, lumbar sidebending, constant activity in erect posture, important in function and stability

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11
Q

What are the attachments of ALL?

A

base of occiput –> anterior sacrum

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12
Q

What are the attachments of PLL?

A

posterior body of axis –> sacrum

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13
Q

Why does the lumbar vertebrae have increased risk of disc herniation?

A

PLL becomes more narrow as it goes down, so it provides less support to the lumbar vertebrae

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14
Q

What ligament is the first to become tender with lumbar posture changes?

A

iliolumbar ligament - tender area 1” superior and lateral to PSIS

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15
Q

where does iliolumbar attach?

A

TPs of L4/L5 and iliac crest

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16
Q

what is the function of the iliolumbar ligament?

A

increase stability at the lumbosacral junction - it is commonly strained in traumatic postural injuries

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17
Q

Where will the tender area of iliolumbar ligament be?

A

1” superior and lateral to PSIS

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18
Q

What Dx is due to severe low back pain of sudden onset and without Hx of trauma?

A

dissecting aortic aneurysm

19
Q

What is a pain that wakes the pt from sleep?

A

malignancy until proven otherwise

20
Q

what leads to rapidly progressing neurological deficits?

A

epidural abscesses/infection

21
Q

what gives claudication Sx with back pain?

A

spinal stenosis

22
Q

What does FDR stand for?

A
  1. Flexion Dysfunction for Type II
  2. Down (rotation of S.D. down)
    - rotation into barrier:multifides and rotatores
  3. Recumbent (lateral recumbent)
    - extends the lumbar spine
    - erector spinae and QL are bilaterally engaged

*when leg is lifted, sidebend spine into barrier

23
Q

What does SUE stand for?

A
  1. Sims (lateral sims) for Type II
    - pt in sims flexes
    - psoas and abdominal muscles rotate lumbar spine into the barrier, some multifides and rotatores
  2. Up (SD side up)
  3. Extension dysfunction
    - dropping the legs off the table: sidebends into the barrier by unilaterally engaging erector spinae
24
Q

What are the steps of a Type I Somatic Dysfunction?

A
  1. Pt is convex up, lateral recumbent (sidebent side down)
  2. Doc faces pt and monitors apex
  3. Flex knees and hip until motion felt - psoas and ab muscles
  4. Doc lifts both ankles toward the ceiling until motion at apex - sidebending component
  5. Pt pushes legs toward floor against doc’s isometric resistance
25
Q

What are 3 classic Sx of somatic dysfunction of lumbar spine?

A
  • low back/buttock pain
  • aching
  • increased pain with activity/prolonged positions
26
Q

What muscle energy technique is done when pt makes eye movements so that certain cervical and muscles reflexively contract and antagonist muscles relax?

A

oculocervical (oculogyric) reflex

27
Q

What is the term for when the physician directs the forces of respiration while simultaneously using a fulcrum (hand) to direct the S.D. through the barrier?

A

Respiratory Assistance

28
Q

Following increased tension on Golgi tendon receptors (contraction), what is the refractory period in which there is a muscle relaxation (lengthening)?

A

Postisometric Relaxation

29
Q

What uses pt positioning and muscle contractions to restore motion where pt actively contracts muscles to cause movement?

A

joint mobilization using muscle force

30
Q

what contracts agonist to relax antagonist muscles?

A

reciprocal inhibition

31
Q

What are 2 absolute contraindications for ME?

A
  1. fracture, dislocation, or severe joint instability at Tx site
  2. Uncooperative pt
32
Q

What is characteristic of lumbar SP?

A

It is at the same level as the vertebral body

33
Q

What is the primary motion in lumbar spine in which facets align backward and medial and couples with ventral-dorsal translatory slide?

A

Flexion/Extension

34
Q

What couples with contralateral lateral translatory slide in lumbars?

A

Sidebending

35
Q

What couples with disk compression?

A

Rotation

36
Q

Origin and Insertion of LD

A

T7, iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia –> humerus (intertubercular groove)

37
Q

actions of LD

A
  • adducts, extends, and internally rotates arm

- extension and sidebending of luumbar spine

38
Q

innervation of LD

A

thoracodorsal n. (C6-8)

39
Q

Why is insertion of LD clinically impt?

A

hypertonicity in the LD can yield pain in the shoulder

40
Q

origin and insertion of gluteus maximus

A

thoracolumbar fascia, dorsal sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament, ilium –> iliotibial band and greater tuberosity of femur

41
Q

action of gluteus maximus

A

extends hip and stabilizes torso

42
Q

innervation of gluteus maximus

A

inferior gluteal n. (L5, S1-2)

43
Q

What is clinical significance of gluteus?

A

can lead to low back pain

OPP II Exam 1 (4 decks)

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