LU7 - Errors, Threats and Security (Protocols)

Question 1

Human Errors GIGO

Answer 1

Garbage in Garbage Out
If invalid data is entered the output will be invalid

Question 2

Rounding Arithmetic error

Answer 2

Numbers are rounded, accuracy is lost on the decimal places after the rounding took place

Question 3

Truncating Arithmetic Error

Answer 3

Truncating a real number to an integer loses all decimal values

Question 4

Fixed Number Of Bits Arithmetic Error

Answer 4

The number of bits available determines the highest and lowest number that can be contained.

If number is outside of that range, it cannot be stored

Question 5

Overflow Arithmetic Error

Answer 5

This is related to the number of bits available for a particular data type. Calculations that result in answers that exceed the maximum value will still be stored, but the answer will be incorrect

Question 6

Data Transmission Errors

Answer 6

If data doesn’t reach its location in the same condition it was sent, there was probably corruption.

• Atmospheric conditions
• Attenuation
• Magnetic or electrical interference

Question 7

Programming errors

Answer 7

Responsible for catastrophic failure of systems, can cause loss of life

or

syntax errors
mistakes in the source code, such as spelling and punctuation errors, incorrect labels

logic errors
A logic error is classified as a type of runtime error that can result in a program producing an incorrect output. It can also cause the program to crash when running.

runtime errors
Occurs when a program is syntactically correct but contains an issue that is only detected during program execution.

Question 8

Verification

Answer 8

A systematic process for evaluating performances and compliance of a set of data

By checking
Completeness
Correctness
Cosistency

Question 9

RFID

Answer 9

Use of radio signals to transfer data from a tag attachment to an object

No power is required as the tags are read using magnetic fields

Question 10

ACCCR

Answer 10

Accuracy
Correctness
Currency
Completeness
Relevance

Question 11

Accuracy

Answer 11

Degree to which the stored value measures against the true value

Question 12

Correctness

Answer 12

Data is correct if it confirms to an approved or conventional standard or agreeing with fact, logic

Data can be valid, but incorrect

Question 13

Currency

Answer 13

Data is current if it is up to data or not outdated

Question 14

Completeness

Answer 14

data is complete if all required data is known

Question 15

Relevance

Answer 15

Data is relevant to a situation/problem scenario and can contribute to providing meaningful information about the situation/problem

Question 16

Hardware Failure

Answer 16

Component can no longer perform its task and a chain reaction of other important tasks not being able to be performed

Question 17

Storage

Answer 17

The inability to read data from the hard drive can render a computer useless

Question 18

Power failure

Answer 18

Data Damage
Possible diaphragm damage

A surge is usually stopped by a electrical circuit breaker outside computer, found in POWER SUPPLY UNIT (PSU)

Question 19

Malware

Answer 19

Networks are susceptible to malicious software entering environment

by going through firewall or through software sources (Flash Drive or portable media

Question 20

Phishing or Spoofing

Answer 20

A convincing email sent to user to click on link

Identity theft, fraudulent email activity where parts of email look like it was sent from someone else

Question 21

Virus

Answer 21

A virus attaches itself to a program or file that is then pread from one computer to another leaving a copy of itself

Question 22

Trojan Horse

Answer 22

Is a seemingly harmless program that when activated causes harm to computer

Question 23

Spyware

Answer 23

Software that spies on computer, can capture information.

web browsing habits, email messages, usernames and passwords

Question 24

Pharming

Answer 24

Is an intended attack to redirect a websites traffic to another fake site

Question 25

Ransomeware

Answer 25

Prevents or limits the user from accessing their computer system until they have paid ransom through an online payment system

Question 26

Denial Of Service Attack (DOS)

Answer 26

Attempts to make server or network unavailable to its users or host

Attack comes from one computer

Question 27

Distributed Denial Of Service Attack (DDOS)

Answer 27

Attack that uses more than one computer and one internet connection when leading a DDOS attack

Question 28

Open Ports

Answer 28

All communications that happen over the internet is exchanged via ports

Question 29

Botnets

Answer 29

Also called zombie army

Several internet computer that have been set up to forward transmissions to other computers on the internet without the knowledge of their owners

Question 30

Wi-Fi Vulnerability

Answer 30

Open Wi-Fi Networks are all around us and our mobile devices are likely connecting to them without our consent

they are unsecured networks

Question 31

UPS (Uninterruptible Power Supply)

Answer 31

Electrical device that provides emergency power to electrical equipment when the normal power supply fails

Question 32

Redundant Power Supply (RPS)

Answer 32

A Single piece of computer equipment operates using two or more physical power supplies

Question 33

Firewall

Answer 33

Set of related software and hardware that protects the resources of a private network from users on other networks

Question 34

Audit Trails

Answer 34

Is a trail record, showing who has accessed a computer system and what operations the user performed during a given time period

Question 35

Anti-malware

Answer 35

Best protection against new malware that compare may encounter

Updates rules faster than antivirus

Question 36

Anti-virus

Answer 36

A software application that will prevent, detect and remove malware infections on computer, servers and networks

Question 37

Anti-spam

Answer 37

A spam filter is a program used to detect and block these messages from coming into server

Spam is irrelevant or unsolicited messages sent over the internet