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Community Dental Health > LP-6 > Flashcards

LP-6 Flashcards

1
Q

What are two methods of evaluations?

A

Nonclinical

Clinical

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2
Q

Give examples of nonclinical methods of evaluations.

A 
Fact-to-face personal interviews
Telephone interviews
Surveys
Document analysis
Focus Groups
Observations
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3
Q

Give examples of clinical methods of evaluations.

A

Basic screenings

Epidemiological examinations

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4
Q

What are the four types of examination?

A

Complete examination
Limited examination
Inspection
Screening

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5
Q 
Which examination type includes...
Mouth mirror and explorer
Adequate lighting
Laboratory tests
Radiographs
Study models
A

Complete Examination

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6
Q

Which examination type includes…
Mouth mirror and explorer
Adequate lighting
Radiographs

A

Limited Examination

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7
Q

Which examination type includes…
Mouth mirror and explorer
Light source
…and is used by the RDH in public health

A

Inspection

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8
Q

Which examination type includes…
Tongue depressor
Light source

A

Screening

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9
Q

What is an index?

A

A graduated numeric scale with upper and lower limits; scores on the scale correspond to a specific criterion for individuals or populations.

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10
Q

What is a dental index?

A

An expression of clinical observation in numeric value

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11
Q

What value does an index present?

A

Allows for comparison with other groups or individuals.

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12
Q

Index scores can be more ? and less ? than a word description of the condition.

A

consistent/subjective

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13
Q

Why use indices in community health?

A

Shows prevalence and trends
Provides baseline data
Assesses the needs of a population
Compares and evaluates community programs

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14
Q

What are the 4

categories of Indices?

A

Simple index
Cumulative
Reversible
Irreversible

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15
Q

What index measures the presence or absence of a condition?

A

Simple

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16
Q

Which index measures all the evidence of a condition…past and present?

A

Cumulative

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17
Q

Which index measures the condition that can be reversed or resolved?

A

Reversible Measures condition that can be reversed or resolved.

18
Q

Which index measures cumulative condition that cannot be reversed?

A

Irreversible

19
Q

What are characteristics of an effective index (7)?

A
  • Simple to use and calculate
  • Require minimal expense and equipment
  • Uses minimal time to complete
  • Clear-cut Criteria; easy to use
  • Free from subjective interpretation
  • Reproducible
  • Does not cause discomfort
  • Easily analyzed statistically (has validity and reliability)
20
Q

Intraexaminer

A

one examiner

21
Q

Interexaminer

A

two or more examiners

22
Q

What type of indicies are used as caries indices?

A

DMFT/DMFS: Decayed, missing, filled teeth/surfaces
deft: decayed, need for extraction, filled
dft/dfs: decayed, filled teeth/surfaces
RCI: root caries index

23
Q

What type of index are caries indices?

A

irreversible

24
Q

What are some examples of oral hygiene indices?

A

OHI-S: Simplified Oral Hygiene Index
PII: Plaque Index
PHP: Patient Hygiene Performance

25
Q

What type of index are oral hygiene indices?

A

reversible

26
Q

What are examples of gingivitis indices?

A

GI: gingival index
SBI: Sulcular bleeding index

(reversible)

27
Q

What are some examples of periodontal indices (irreversible)

A

PDI: periodontal disease index (Ramfjord)
PI: periodontal index (russell)
PSR: periodontal screening and recording

28
Q

What are some examples fluorosis indices?

A

Dean’s classification for Dental fluorosis

29
Q

Calibration

A

process of ensuring consistency within and among examiner(s)

30
Q

Community oral health assessment

A

a multifaceted process of identifying factors that affect the oral health status of a selected population

31
Q

Data

A

pieces of information collected using measurements and/or counts

32
Q

Data collection

A

the process of gathering information through the use of tools such as dental indices

33
Q

Epidemiology

A

The study of the relationships of various factors that determine the frequency and distribution of diseases in the human community; study of health and disease in populations

34
Q

Formative evaluation

A

ongoing evaluation to monitor each step in the dental hygiene process of care; ongoing feedback that determines any needed changes

35
Q

prevalence

A

the total number of cases of a specific disease or condition in existence in a given population at a certain time

36
Q

qualitative evaluation

A

answering the why and how of a dental public health program or research project

37
Q

quantitative evaluation

A

a numerical evaluation of a dental public health program or research project

38
Q

reliability

A

ability of an index or test procedure to measure consistently at different times and under a variety of conditions; reproducibility; consistency

39
Q

summative evaluation

A

formal, standardized evaluation procedures conducted at the end of a treatment series

40
Q

validity

A

ability of an index or text procedure to measure what it is intended to measure

Community Dental Health (8 decks)

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