Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANAT100 > LP #105 The Circulatory System > Flashcards

LP #105 The Circulatory System Flashcards

1
Q
  • complex network of vessels
  • basic fxn: deliver oxygen & nutrients to the cells, & remove tissue wastes
  • primary role n maintaining homeostasis
A

Circulatory system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

2 components to circulatory system

A
  • cardiovascular-2-way system:
  • delivers blood to tissues
  • removes it from tissues returns it to heart
  • lymphatic- one-way:
  • removes excess fluid from tissues & returns it general circulation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Vascular system is a network consisting of 3 types of blood vessels:

A
  1. arteries: carry blood away from heart
  2. Blood capillaries: site of exchange of o2/ nutrients & sates
    * extensive network
  3. Veins: return blood to heart
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Carry fluid that leaks out of blood vessels into interstitial spaces & transports it back to heart=

A

Lymphatic vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

3 lymphatic vessels=

A
  1. lymph capillaries
  2. lymphatic collecting vessels
  3. lymphatic trunks
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Tunica: layer

  • inner layer?
  • middle layer?
  • outer layer?
A
  1. Tunica intima
  2. Tunica media
  3. Tunica adventitia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
  • aka tunica interna
  • inner most layer
  • composition: simple squamous cells; form a smooth endothelial surface- reduces friction to blood flow
  • in direct contact with blood
A

Tunica intima

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q
  • middle & largest layer
  • composition: mostly smooth muscle fibers arranged in circular layers
  • responds to sympathetic Innervation
  • changes to diameter of bv lumen (vasodilation/ vasoconstriction)
A

Tunica media

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q
  • aka tunica adventitia
  • outermost layer, relatively thin
  • composition: loosely arranged collagen fibres
  • protect & anchor vessel to surrounding structures
  • forms mesh network containing nerve fibres, small blood vessels & lymphatic vessels that serve the artery itself
A

Tunica externa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
  • carry blood away from heart
  • diverge from large to small vessels
  • systemic arterial blood is oxygenated
  • arteries begin in heart and end, via arterioles, in capillary beds
  • relative size of layers varies between types of aa
A

Arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Types of arteries

A
  1. elastic (conducting)
  2. muscular (distributing)
  3. arterioles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q
  • large diameter blood vessels
  • carry blood from heart
  • contain mostly elastin in tunica media
A

Elastic (conducting)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
  • smaller diameter blood vessels

- contain more smooth mm than elastin

A

Muscular (distributing)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q
  • smallest diameter blood vessels

- contain mostly smooth mm

A

Arterioles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
  • carry blood towards heart
  • converge from small to larger vessels
  • systemic venous blood is deoxygenated
  • veins begin in capillary beds (as venules) & end in heart
A

Veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Types of veins

A
  1. Venules

2. Veins

17
Q
  • small vessels
  • transport blood from tissues to larger veins
  • endothelium covered by fibroblastic cells
  • thin tunic intima & tunica externa
  • porous
A

Venules

18
Q
  • small, thin vessels in tissues
  • tunica externa is thickest layer
  • tunica media relatively thin
  • large lumen
  • contain valves
A

Veins

19
Q

Structures of veins determine fxns:

  • large lumen:?
  • little muscle:?
  • valves:?
A
  1. Blood reservoir
  2. Need help returning blood to heart (mostly against gravity)
  3. (Extensions of Tuncia intima) prevent back flow of blood
20
Q

Mechanisms that assist venous return

A
  • skeletal mm contractions
  • breathing
  • valves
21
Q
  • smallest blood vessels
  • walls are 1 cell thick: Tuncia intima only
  • fxn: site of gas/fluid exchange betweeen arterial & venous sides of circulatory system
A

Capillaries

22
Q

Types of capillaries

A
  1. Continuous
  2. Fenestrated
  3. Sinusoidal
23
Q
  • cells joined by tight junctions
  • intercellular clefts: breaks b/w cells
  • limited passage of fluids & volutes
  • found in:
  • skin
  • mms
  • brain
A

Continuous

24
Q
  • large pores covered by network of proteins (basal lamina)
  • allow larger organic molecules & greater volume o fluid to flow into interstitial space
  • found where absorption/ secretion is required, ex.
  • intestine
  • endocrine glands
A

Fenestrated

25
Q
  • leaky: large intercellular clefts
  • passage of proteins & blood cells into interstitial space
  • found where passage of large particles is necessary, ex.
  • liver
  • bone marrow
  • lymphoid tissue
A
26
Q

-capillary bed=

A

Large capillary network

27
Q

2 components of capillary bed

A
  • vascular shunts

- true capillaries

28
Q
  • short vessels b/w arterioles & venule
  • main thoroughfare from one side of capillary bed to other
  • also known as a metarteriole
A

Vascular shunt

29
Q
  • side-spread network of blood vessels

- reach all tissue areas

A

True capillaries

30
Q
  • leads into metarteriole
  • joints to postcapillary venule that drains capillary beds
  • feeds capillary bed
A

Terminal arteriole

31
Q
  • found between metarterioles & capillaries
  • smooth mm rings that constrict lumen to restrict blood flow to capillaries
  • minimize BF to areas requiring less blood at a given time
A

Pre-capillary sphincters

32
Q
  • many tissues receive blood from more than one vessel
  • anatomical & physiological redundancy
  • margining of 2 or mor blood vessels to a region is called an anastomosis
  • both arteries & veins anastomose
  • veins more than arteries
A

Vascular anastomoses

33
Q
  • cyclical from heart to lungs & back to heart
  • in pulmonary circuit:
  • arteries carry deoxygenated blood away from heart (to lungs)
  • veins carry freshly oxygenated blood to heart (from lungs)
A

Pulmonary system

34
Q
  • returns leaked fluid (lymph) to general circulation
  • important in maintaining fluid balance
  • 3-4L of lymph produced daily (2/3 blood vol)
  • lymphatic system is one-way system (unlike cardiovascular system)
  • as lymph travels toward venous system (ultimately into subclavian veins), it is cleansed by WBC-rich lymph nodes
A

Lymphatic system

35
Q

lymphatic system:

Adaptations?

A
  • minivalves

- anchors

36
Q

Lymph flows into progressively larger vessels:

A 
Lymph capillaries 
To 
Collecting vessels 
To 
Trunks 
To 
Ducts
37
Q

Lymphatic system:

  • larger vessels have same 3 tunics as veins, but much thinner
  • lymphatic valves have many more valves than veins
  • mechanisms hat assist lymph return: ?
A
  • skeletal mm contractions
  • breathing
  • valves
  • movement of surrounding tissue

*both components of the circulatory system are important o maintaining fluid balance in the body.

ANAT100 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions