Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Flashcards
Painless Retention is most likely?
chronic retention
Painful Retention is most likely?
acute retention
characteristics of obstructive?
Poor Flow
Hesitancy
intermittency
terminal dribbling
characteristics of restrictive?
frequency
urgency
nocturia
incontinence
why would someone with obstructive also get irritative?
bladder distension
what symptom you are least able to control with bladder meds?
nocturia because usually due to circulation
cause of strictures?
instruments radiotherapy STIs Trauma/blows straddle injuries
when suspect bladder ca?
smokers and older
irritable bladders
What neuro conditions affect bladder?
MS
parkinson’s
strokes
SCI
what can epididymitis lead to?
prostatitis
during DRE what are you feeling for besides the prostate?
faecal impaction
anal tone
if anal tone is down then what?
cauda equina lesion
what else to look for in urinary symptoms besides bladder and lower region
kidneys
why do you have to urinate more with caffeine?
more bladder contractions
why do you have to urinate more with alcohol?
inhibition of ADH
desensitized on bladder distension
what causes polydipsia?
DM
lithium
schizo
how can sleep apnoea cause nocturia?
waking up gasping for air, increase intra abdominal pressure, more bladder pressure
what are alpha blockers used for in urology?
mild lower urinary tract symptoms, relax smooth muscles
what are 5-alpha reductase inhibitors used for in urology?
inhibits testosterone to DHT and halts size of prostate
what is BNI? when used?
bladder neck incision
used for smaller prostates causing symptoms
what’s a clue to clot retention?
haematuria
3 reasons why catheter won’t go in:
blocked
no urine due to renal failure
wrong hole
what can look like full bladder on U/S in women?
massive ovarian cyst
3 things that can cause urinary retention in women:
pelvic masses
carcinoma of cervix
uterine fibroid
