Acute and Complex MSK Injury Flashcards
what is second priority for trauma?
cannulation and IV access
first thing to look at in trauma patient?
vitals, don’t be distracted by deformity
DRS ABDCEFG
how to assess Airway?
speaking full sentences
GCS 15
how to assess Breathing?
trachea
RR
Sats
how to assess Circulation?
HR
BP
how to assess Disability?
quick neuro test
how to assess Exposure?
look on the body for fractures or defotmities
risks of open fractures?
infection
fat embolus
priority of fractures?
reduce and immobilize with proofol and ketamine
what is a trauma series of x-rays?
CXR
Pelvis
C-spine
what is CXR NOT good for lookin at?
rib fractures
if lying flat CXR how to tell pneumothorax?
deep sulcus sign, air pushes diaphragm down
how to tell is there is haemothorax on CXR lying down?
looks paler cause of blood
why is the aortic arch at risk in trauma?
shearing from sudden deceleration will tear the ligamentum arteriosum on the arch
how to describe a fracture?
what bones
location: distal, proximal
Kind: transverse, oblique, spiral, segmental
Position: shortened, displaced
angulation: assume proximal is normal position
features to determine limb viability
neuro
pulses
debris
devascularized tissue?
describe tetanus prophylaxis in someone with and without vaccine
If had childhood: give IgG and booster if >10 years
If had no childhood: give IgG, booster, month, then year
what Abx if gram +ves skin flora?
cefazolin
Flucloxicillin
what gram -ve Abx for dirty wound?
metronidozole
timentin
tazocin
clinda/cipro if pen. allergic
what is damage control surgery?
go in, plug the bleeds, less than an hour, stabilize
options for skin loss?
graft
suture
4 complications of fracture management and Sx?
DVT, PE
ARDS
Fat Embolus
Acute infection
Emerg framework: DAVIIDD
Diet: Nil by mouth Activity: NWB-ing Vitals : monitoring IVs: fluid balance Investigations Drugs Drains
why would WBCs be high after acute injury without infection?
stress response
