Lower respiratory tract infections - children Flashcards
percentage of children born hospitalised for bronchiolitis?
20%
does bronchiolitis give you a fever?
no
what are the common bacterial infective agents?
- strep pneumonias
- haemophilia influenzae
- moraxella catarrhalis
- mycoplasma pneumonias
- chlamydia pneumoniae
what are the common viral infective agents?
- RSV
- parainfluenza III
- influenza A and B
- adenovirus
what is tracheitis?
“croup with does not get better”, swollen tracheal wall, narrowed tracheal lumen
what are the symptoms of tracheitis?
fever, sick child
what infective agents cause tracheitis?
staph or strep
how do you manage tracheitis?
amoxicillin
how common is bronchitis?
very common
what is bronchitis?
endobronchial infection
what are the symptoms of bronchitis?
loose rattly cough with URTI, post-tussive vomit- “glut”, chest free of wheeze/ creps
what is the aetiology of bronchitis?
haemophilus/ pneumococcus
is bronchitis mostly self limiting?
yes
how does bacterial bronchitis work?
disturbed mucociliary clearance (minor airway malacia, RSV/ adenovirus)
should bacterial bronchitis be treated with AB?
no, the infection is secondary (to AB side effects?)
does bronchitis affect a newborn the same way every year? which is the worst year?
worst is 1st winter, then they get better (2nd winter better, 3rd winter fine)
what does bacterial bronchitis usual follow?
URTI
how long does normal bacterial bronchitis last?
4 weeks
how long does persistent bacterial bronchitis last?
more than 1 month
what are the criteria to be qualified as persistent bacterial bronchitis?
- wet cough
- more than 1 month
- remission with AB
should you treat persistent bacterial bronchitis?
no
what is bronchiolitis? who does it affect ?
LRTI of infants
