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Mixed CVS & Resp Questions > Lower respiratory tract infections > Flashcards

Lower respiratory tract infections Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 main causative agents of pneumonia?

A

Strep. Pneumoniae
H. Influenzae
Legionella

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2
Q

What are the clinical signs of pneumonia?

A 
Decreased chest expansion
Stony dullness to percussion
Bronchial breathing
Inspiratory crepitations
Increased vocal resonance
Tachycardia
Tachypnoea
Cyanosis
Pyrexia
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3
Q

What is the treatment for a patient who scored 1 on the CURB 65 score?

A

Amoxicillin or clarithromycin

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4
Q

What would be the treatment for someone who scored a CURB65 of 2?

A

Amoxicillin + clarithromycin

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5
Q

What would be the treatment for a patient who scored 3-5 on the CURB65 score?

A

Co amoxiclav + clarithromycin

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6
Q

What would be the substitute for amoxicillin / co amoxiclav in the treatment of pneumonia is the patient is penicillin allergic?

A

Levoflaxacin

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7
Q

How is empyema diagnosed?

A

Pleural aspiration with PH <7.2

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8
Q

What is the treatment for empyema?

A

Chest drain and IV antibiotics (up to 6 weeks)

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9
Q

What is the investigations for empyema?

A

CT thorax
Pleural ultrasound
Then pleural aspiration to confirm diagnosis

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10
Q

What are the main features of empyema?

A

Chest pain with absence of cough

Swinging high fever

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11
Q

What are the main organisms which can cause cavitating pneumonia resulting in a lung abscess?

A

Staph. Aureus
Pseudomonas
Anaerobes

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12
Q

What are the symptoms of a lung abscess?

A

Lethargy
Weight loss
High swinging fever
Non specific

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13
Q

What are the causes of bronchiectasis?

A 
Idiopathic
Immobile cilia syndrome
Cystic fibrosis
Childhood infections I.e. measles
Hypogammaglobulinaemia 
Allergic bronchopneumonia ray aspergillosis (ABPA)
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14
Q

What are the symptoms of bronchiectasis?

A 
Chronic cough
Daily sputum production
Wheeze
Days-Nora
Tiredness
Flitting chest pain
Haemoptysis
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15
Q

What are the clinical signs of bronchiectasis?

A

Finger clubbing

Course inspiration crepitations

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16
Q

What are the investigations for bronchiectasis?

A 
CT thorax
Sputum culture
Serum immunoglobulins 
Total IgE and aspergillus precipitous 
CF genotype get
17
Q

What is the treatment for broncbhiectasis?

A

Chest physiotherapy
Prompt treatment of infections with antibiotics
May require inhaled B2 antagonist or inhaled corticosteroid

18
Q

What treatment is given against MRSA?

A

Vancomycin or linezolid

Mixed CVS & Resp Questions (4 decks)

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