Lower respiratory tract Handout

Question 1

Responsible for voice production:

Answer 1

Larynx

Question 2

larynx lies at which levels of cervical vertebra?

Answer 2

4th,5th,6th cervical vertebra

Question 3

Is the largest cartialage:

Answer 3

Thyroid cartialage

Question 3

hyaline cartialge V shaped angle is called

Answer 3

Adam’s apple

Question 4

Superior cornu and inferior cornu attachments:

Answer 4

superior cornu attached to Thyrohyoid membrane

inferior cornu attached to Cricoid cartialge

Question 5

Shaped like a signet ring:

Answer 5

Cricoid cartialage

Question 6

Cricoid cartialage has 2 facets:

Answer 6

Lateral facet: articulate with inferior cornu

Posterior facet: articulate with Arytenoid cartialage

Question 7

pyramid shaped cartialage:

Answer 7

arytenoid cartialage

Question 8

apex and base of arytenoid cartialage articulate with:

Answer 8

Apex articualtes with: corniculate cartialage

Base articualtes with: cricoid

Question 9

Vocal ligaments are attached to:

Answer 9

Arytenoid cartialage

Question 10

Gives rise to aryepiglottic folds

Answer 10

Corniculate cartialage

Question 11

Small rod shaped cartialage that strengthen aryepiglottic folds:

Answer 11

cuneiform cartialage

Question 12

made of elastic cartialage:

Answer 12

epiglottis

Question 13

the stalk of the epiglottis is attached to:

Answer 13

thyroid cartialage

Question 14

Lateral sides of epiglottis attached to :

Answer 14

Aryepiglottic fold

Question 15

Thyrohyoid membrane is peirced by:

Answer 15

superior laryngeal vessles and internal laryngeal nerve

Question 16

extends between epiglottis and arytenoid cartialage:

Answer 16

quadrangular membrane

Question 17

posterior end of cricothyroid ligament is attached to:

Answer 17

vocal processes of aretynoid cartialage

Question 18

vocal cord ligaments also formed in:

Answer 18

cricothyroid ligament

Question 19

Front,lateral and posterior boundaries of laryngeal inlet:

Answer 19

front: epiglottis

Lateral: aryepiglottic folds strengthened by aryepiglottic fold

posterior: arytenoid cartialage with corniculate cartialage

Question 20

piriform fossa medial and lateral boundaries:

Answer 20

medially: aryepiglottic fold

Laterally by: thyrohyoid membrane and thyroid cartialage

Question 21

Vestibular fold:

Answer 21

FIXED fold

vascular and pink in color

Question 22

Vocal fold (true vocal fold):

Answer 22

mobile fold

avascular and white in color

viewed with laryngoscope

Question 23

Narrowest part of larynx:

Answer 23

medial surface of arytenoid cartialage boundary with Vocal fold

Question 24

narrowest part of larynx in children is:

Answer 24

lower part of larynx within cricoid cartialage

Question 25

3 regions of the larynx cavity:

Answer 25

1) Vestibule: between inlet and vestibular folds
2) Middle region: situated between vestibular folds above and vocal folds below
3) lower region: situated between vocal folds above and lower border of cricoid cartialage

Question 26

trachea divides at level of:

Answer 26

4th and 5th thoracic vertebra

Question 27

mucous membrane of trachea is lined with:

Answer 27

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium

contains goblet cells

Question 28

Posterior relations of trachea and neck

Answer 28

right and left recurrent laryngeal nerves

Question 29

Lateral relations of trachea and neck:

Answer 29

Lobes of thyroid glands and carotid sheaths

Question 30

relations of trachea in superior mediastinum in thorax:

anteriorly posteriorly rigth and left

Answer 30

Anteriorly: brachiocephalic veins, left common carotid arteries and aorta arch

Posteriorly:esophagus and left recurrent laryngeal nerve

Right side: azygous vein, right vagus nerve and pleura

Left side: arch of aorta, left common carotid and subclavian arteries, left vagus and phrenic nerves and pleura

Question 31

Right bronchus:

Answer 31

wider,shorter and more vertical

Question 32

left bronchus:

Answer 32

narrower, longer and more horizontal than right