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Anatomy > LOWER LIMB MUSCLES: POSTERIOR LEG > Flashcards

LOWER LIMB MUSCLES: POSTERIOR LEG Flashcards

1
Q

Which nerves innervate the flexor digitorum longus?

A

tibial nerve

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2
Q

Which blood vessels supply the flexor digitorum longus?

A

posterior tibial artery

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3
Q

Where is the origin of the flexor digitorum longus?

A

posterior surface of tibia and fascial over the tibialis posterior

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4
Q

Where is the insertion of the flexor digitorum longus?

A

plantar surface at base of distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes

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5
Q

What is the function of the flexor digitorum longus?

A

flexes IP joints of lateral 4 toes and aids in plantar flexion of the foot

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6
Q

Which nerves innervate the flexor hallucis longus?

A

tibial nerve

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7
Q

Which blood vessels supply the flexor hallucis longus?

A

posterior tibial artery

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8
Q

Where is the origin of the flexor hallucis longus?

A

posterioinferior surface of the fibula and adjacent interosseous membrane

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9
Q

Where is the insertion of the flexor hallucis longus?

A

base of distal phalanx of great toe

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10
Q

What is the function of the flexor hallucis longus?

A

flexes great toe and aids in plantar flexion

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11
Q

Which nerves innervate the popliteus?

A

tibial nerve

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12
Q

Which blood vessels supply the popliteus?

A

genicular branches of the popliteal artery

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13
Q

Where is the origin of the popliteus?

A

lateral condyle of femur and popliteal ligament of knee

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14
Q

Where is the insertion of the popliteus?

A

posterior surface of tibia above soleal line

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15
Q

What is the function of the popliteus?

A

rotates femur laterally with foot fixed and rotates tibia medially with foot off the ground and aids with flexion of the leg

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16
Q

Which nerves innervate the posterior tibialis?

A

tibial nerve

17
Q

Which blood vessels supply the posterior tibialis?

A

fibular artery from posterior tibial artery

18
Q

Where is the origin of the posterior tibialis?

A

posteriolateral surface of tibia and superior 2/3 of the fibula and interosseous membrane

19
Q

Where is the insertion of the posterior tibialis?

A

tuberosity of the navicular bone and plantar surface of all cuneiform bones, plantar surface of the base of 2nd-4th metatarsals, cuboid and sustentaculum tali

20
Q

What is the function of the posterior tibialis?

A

plantar flexion and inversion of the lateral 4 toes

21
Q

Which nerves innervate the gastrocnemius?

A

tibial nerve

22
Q

Which blood vessels supply the gastrocnemius?

A

popliteal artery

23
Q

Where is the origin of the gastrocnemius?

A

medial and lateral condyles of the femur and capsule of the knee joint

24
Q

Where is the insertion of the of the gastrocnemius?

A

posterioinferior surface of the calcaneus

25
Q

What is the function of the gastrocnemius?

A

plantar flexes foot with foot stable and flexes the femur on the tibia

26
Q

Which nerves innervate the plantaris?

A

tibial nerve

27
Q

Which blood vessels supply the plantaris?

A

sural branches of the popliteal artery

28
Q

Where is the origin of the plantaris?

A

lateral supracondylar line of femur and oblique popliteal ligament of knee joint

29
Q

Where is the insertion of the plantaris?

A

via calcaneal tendon into medial side of posterior
surface of calcaneus

30
Q

What is the function of the plantaris?

A

plantar flexes foot

31
Q

Which nerves innervate the soleus?

A

tibial nerve

32
Q

Which blood vessels supply the soleus?

A

posterior tibial artery and sural branches of popliteal artery

33
Q

Where is the origin of the soleus?

A

head and superior 1/3 of fibula; middle 1/3 of tibia and tendon between the tibia and fibula

34
Q

Where is the insertion of the soleus?

A

calcaneus with the tendon of gastrocnemius

35
Q

What is the function of the soleus?

A

plantar flexes foot

36
Q

Which nerve innervates the posterior leg?

A

tibial nerve

37
Q

What are the anatomical structures nicknamed the “Tom, Dick And Very Nervous Harry”?

A

Tom, Dick And Very Nervous Harry can be used to remember the anatomy of the ankle tendons from anterior to posterior as they pass posteriorly to the medial malleolus under the flexor retinaculum in the tarsal tunnel [posterior compartment (deep layer) muscles of the leg]:

▪️T: tibialis posterior
▪️D: flexor digitorum longus
▪️A: artery (posterior tibial)
▪️V: vein (posterior tibial)
▪️N: nerve (tibial)
▪️H: flexor hallucis longus
⠀
All three Tom, Dick, and Harry muscles cross the subtalar joint on the medial side, so they all invert the foot at the subtalar joint.

Inversion is the frontal plane component, and the principal cardinal plane component, of a larger oblique plane motion pattern known as supination of the foot (supination = raising the arch of the foot).

They also all cross the ankle joint posteriorly, so they also all do plantarflexion of the foot at the ankle joint.

Anatomy (13 decks)

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