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Anatomy > Lower Limb Muscles > Flashcards

Lower Limb Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Sartorius

A

ASIS to pes anserinus
Flexes, abducts and laterally rotates thigh at hip, flexes knee
Femoral nerve

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2
Q

Iliopsoas

A

Transverse process of L4 + L5 (psoas) and iliac fossa (iliacus) to lesser trochanter of femur

Flexes and laterally rotates hip, also flexes torso

Sacral roots

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3
Q

Tensor Fascia Lata

A

Anterior iliac crest to lateral condyle of tibia via iliotibial tract

Abducts and flexes the thigh at the hip

Superior gluteal nerve

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4
Q

Rectus Femoris

A

AIIS and superior acetablum (2 heads) to quadriceps tendon at base of patella and tibial tuberosity

Flexes thigh, extends leg at knee

Femoral nerve

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5
Q

Vastus Lateralis

A

Greater trochanter and linea aspera to the base of the patella via the patellar tendon

Extends leg at the knee

Femoral nerve

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6
Q

Vastus Medialias

A

Intertrochanteric line to the base of patella via the patellar tendon

Extends leg at knee

Femoral nerve

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7
Q

Vastus Intermedius

A

Anterior and lateral femur to the base of patella via the patellar tendon

Extends leg at the knee

Femoral nerve

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8
Q

Pectineus

A

Superior pubic rami to the medial/post. side of femur and linea aspera

Adducts, rotates and flexes thigh at hip

Femoral Nerve

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9
Q

Adductor Longus

A

Pubis to middle third of linea aspera

Adducts, rotates and flexes thigh at hip

Obturator Nerve

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10
Q

Adductor Brevis

A

Pubic ramus (inferior) to linea aspera

Adducts, rotates and flexes thigh at hip

Obturator Nerve

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11
Q

Adductor Magnus

A

Inferior pubic ramus, ischium and ischial tuberosity to linea aspera (oblique) and adductor tuberosity (vertical)

Oblique Head – adducts, rotates and flexes thigh
Vertical Head – extends thigh

Oblique head – obturator nerve
Vertical head – tibial branch of sciatic nerve

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12
Q

Gracilis

A

Pubis and inferior pubic ramus to pes anserinus

Adducts thigh, flexes and rotates the leg

Obturator Nerve

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13
Q

Gluteus Maximus

A

Ilum, sacrum and sacrotuberous ligament to the gluteal tuberosity of femur and the IT band

Extends thigh and assists in adduction and lateral rotation
Inferior gluteal nerve

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14
Q

Gluteus Medius

A

Lateral surface of ilium to the greater trochanter

Abducts thigh at hip and laterally rotates thigh

Superior gluteal nerve

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15
Q

Gluteus Minimus

A

Ilium to greater trochanter

Abducts thigh

Superior gluteal nerve

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16
Q

Piriformis

A

Anterior surface of sacrum to greater trochanter

Laterally rotates thigh and abducts thigh when limb is flexed

Branch of sacral plexus (S1, S2)

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17
Q

Superior Gemellus

A

Ischial spine to medial greater trochanter

Laterally rotates thigh

Nerve to obturator internus

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18
Q

Obturator Internus

A

Inside of obturator membrane and foramen to the medial greater trochanter

Laterally rotates thigh and abducts thigh when limb is flexed

Nerve to obturator internus

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19
Q

Inferior Gemellus

A

Ischial tuberosity to the medial greater trochanter

Laterally rotates the thigh

Nerve to quadratus femoris

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20
Q

Obturator Externus

A

External border of obturatur foramen to the trochanteric fossa

Laterally rotates thigh and stabilizes head of femur and adducts thigh

Obturater nerve

21
Q

Quadratus Femoris

A

Ischial tuberosity to greater trochanter and intertrochanteric crest

Laterally rotates and helps adduct thigh

Nerve to quadratus femoris

22
Q

Semimembranosus

A

Ischial tuberosity to the posterior medial condyle of tibia

Flexes leg and extends thigh

Tibial division of sciatic nerve

23
Q

Semitendenosus

A

Ischial tuberosity to pes anserinus

Flexes leg and extends thigh

Tibial division of sciatic nerve

24
Q

Gastrocnemius

A

Lateral head - lateral condyle of the femur
Medial head - medial condyle of the femur and the popliteal surface
To the posterior calcaneous via the calcaneal tendon

Plantar flexion and assists in leg flexion at the knee

Tibial nerve

24
Q

Soleus

A

Posterior head of the fibula and the soleal line to the posterior calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

plantar flexion and stabilizes the leg

tibial nerve

25
Q

Plantaris

A

Popliteal surface to the calcaneal tendon

Weakly assists the gastrocnemius

tibial nerve

26
Q

Popliteus

A

Lateral condyle of the femur and lateral meniscus to the posterior tibia

Medially rotates the knee but lateral rotates femur laterally when foot is on ground to unlock the knee

Tibial nerve

27
Q

Flexor Digitorum Longus

A

Med. post. tibia and inferior soleal line to the plantar bases of the 2-5 distal phalanges

Plantar flexion and 2-5 toe flexion

Tibial nerve

28
Q

Tibialis Posterior

A

Lat. Post. Tibia, post. fibula and interosseous membrane to navicular tuberosity, all cuneiforms, cuboid and metatarsals 2-5

Plantar flexes ankle and inverts the foot

Tibial nerve

29
Q

Flexor Hallucis Longus

A

Distal 2/3 of post. fibula and interosseous membrane to the base of the 1st distal phalanx

Plantar flexion and 1st digit flexion

Tibial nerve

30
Q

Fibularis Longus

A

Head and proximal 2/3 of the fibula to the base of the 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

Foot eversion and weak plantar flexion

Superficial fibular nerve

31
Q

Fibularis Brevis

A

Distal 1/3 of the lat. fibula to the base of the 5th metatarsal

Foot eversion and weak plantar flexion

Superficial fibular nerve

32
Q

Biceps Femoris

A

Long head - ischial tuberosity
Short head - lateral lip of linea aspera

lat condyle of the posterior tibia and the post head of the fibula

Flexes and laterally rotates leg and extends thigh

long head - tibial division
short head - common fibular nerve

33
Q

Tibialis Anterior

A

Lateral condyle and prox ½ of lat. Tibia to the medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
Dorsiflexes the ankle and inverts the foot
Deep fibular nerve

34
Q

Extensor Hallucis Longus

A

Middle anterior fibula and interosseous membrane to the base of the 1st distal phalynx

1st digit extension and dorsiflexion

deep fibular nerve

35
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus

A

Lateral condyle of the tibia and interosseous membrane to the base of the 2-5 distal phalanges

2-5 digit extension and dorsiflexion

deep fibular nerve

36
Q

Fibularis Tertius

A

Distal 1/3 of the ant. fibula and interosseous membrane to the base of the 5th metatarsal

foot eversion and dorsiflexion

deep fibular nerve

37
Q

Abductor Digiti Minimi

A

Calcaneal tuberosity to the lateral base of the 5th proximal phalynx

Abducts the little toe

Lateral Plantar Nerve

38
Q

Abductor Hallucis

A

Calcaneal tuberosity to the medial base of the 1st proximal phalynx

Abducts the big toe

Medial Plantar Nerve

39
Q

Flexor Digitorum Brevis

A

Calcaneal tuberosity to the plantar bases of the 2-5 middle phalanges (bifid)

2-5 digit flexion at the metatarsophalangeal joint and the proximal interphalangeal joint

Medial plantar nerve

40
Q

Quadratus Plantae

A

Body of the calcaneus to the the flexor digitorum longus tendons

Helps correct line of pull

Lateral plantar nerve

41
Q

Lumbricals

A

Tendons of the flexor digitorum longus to the medial base of proximal phalanges 2-5 and dorsal expansion

2-5 digit flexion at the metatarsophalangeal joint and extension at the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints

1st - medial plantar nerve
2,3,4 - lateral plantar nerve

42
Q

Flexor Digiti Minimi brevis

A

base of the 5th metatarsal to the lateral base of the 5th proximal phalanx

flexes the little toe at the metatarsophalangeal joint

lateral plantar nerve

43
Q

Adductor Hallucis

A

two heads:

1) oblique: bases of the 2,3,4 metatarsals
2) transverse head: ligaments of 3,4,5 MP joints

both attach to the medial base of the 1st proximal phalanx

adducts the big toe

lateral plantar nerve

44
Q

Flexor Hallucis brevis

A

Cuboid and lateral cuneiform to the medial base of the 1st proximal phalanx

Flexes the big toe at the metatarsophalangeal joint

Medial Plantar nerve

45
Q

Dorsal Interossei

A

Sides of adjacent metatarsals to the dorsal expansion and proximal phalanges 2-4

Abduction of the 2,3,4 digits

Lateral Plantar nerve

46
Q

Plantar Interossei

A

Medial side of the 3-5 metatarsals to the dorsal expansion and medial side of proximal phalanges 3-5

Adduction of the 3-5 digits

Lateral plantar nerve

47
Q

Extensor Digitorum Brevis

A

Superior Calcaneus to the lateral sides of extensor digitorum longus tendons

Extends the 2-5 digits

Deep fibular nerve

48
Q

Extensor Hallucis Brevis

A

Superior calcaneus to the base of the 1st proximal phalanx

Extends the big toe at the metatarsophalangeal joint

Deep fibular nerve

Anatomy (7 decks)

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