Head, Neck and Thorax Flashcards
Name the three cranial fossa?
anterior, middle, posterior
Is the lesser sphenoid closer to anterior or posterior?
anterior
Which part of the skull takes a lot of the blow upon impact?
sphenoid
What is the petrous portion of the temporal bone?
large ridge that separates the middle cranial fossa and the posterior cranial fossa
What attaches to the christa galli?
the dura mater
What bone is the cribiform plate part of?
ethmoid bone
What passes through the perforations of the cribiform plate?
the nasal nerve
What holds the pituitary gland?
the hypophyseal fossa
What is behind the hypophseal fossa?
the dorsum sellae
What is the pre central gyrus responsible for?
motor
What is the post central gyrus responsible for/
sensory
What does the lateral sulcus separate?
frontal and temporal lobe
List the functions of the frontal lobe?
spatial tasks object recognition problem solving task management complicated movements
What is the parietal lobe associated with?
sensory
Where is brocas area and what is it?
frontal left lobe
motor speech
Where is wernickes area and what is it?
left temporal lobe
word salad -understand question but cant make sensible answer
Where is the lie zone?
left prefrontal cortex
What does the basal ganglia do?
recieve input from cortex and other areas
relay to motor and premotor areas
start, stop and monitor movement
control intensity of movement - antagonists
What is the cause of parkinsons and the symptoms?
low amounts of dopamine in basal ganglia tremour pill rolling shuffling gait rigidity
What are the components of the diencephalon?
thalamus - relay center
hypothalamus - ANS center
Pituitary - endocrine, hormones
Epithalamus - pineal gland, melatonin
What is the primitive brain?
limbic system
What are the parts of the limbic system and their responsibilities?
amygdala - emotions
hippocampus - memory
What is the limbic system also responsible for?
visceral responses: increase BP, increased resp, sweating
What happens if there is a lesion to the limbic area?
cannot complete simple tasks (forget why), no facial or object recognition, eat things they shouldnt, increased sexual desire toward anything
Where does the cerebellum reside?
posterior cranial fossa
What does the cerebellum do?
coordinate skeletal muscle action
compares instructions with performance
cant walk heel to toe without it
unable to coordinate muscles for speech
What are the components of the brain stem?
midbrain
pons
medulla oblongata
spinal cord
What are the components of the midbrain and purpose?
Which cranial nerve is here?
colliuli
visual (superior) and auditory
for reflexes
3 and 4
What is the pons for and what cranial nerves are here?
acts as a bridge to other areas
ex) cerebellum
nerves 5, 6, 7
What nerves are associated with medulla oblongata?
8, 9, 10, 11, 12
What is the function of the medulla?
cardiac centers
vasomotor control
respiratory control
reflex - coughing, sneezing, gagging, swallowing, vomiting, etc/
