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Anatomy Exam 3 > Lower limb-anterior and medial thigh > Flashcards

Lower limb-anterior and medial thigh Flashcards

1
Q

The hip bone is made up of what 3 bones

A

ilium, ischium, pubis

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2
Q

The 3 bones that make up the hip bone fuse at what age

A

25

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3
Q

The primary ossification centers for the hip bone are

A

body of ilium, body of ischium, body of pubis

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4
Q

The secondary osssification centers for the hip bone are

A

iliac crest, AIIS, ischial tuberosity, symphysial surface of pubis, triradiate cartilage

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5
Q

The cartilage where the 3 bones of the hip come together at the acetabulum is the

A

triradiate cartilage

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6
Q

There are ___ iliac spines. They are the ____, ____, ____, and ____

A

4; anterior superior, anterior inferior, posterior superior, and posterior inferior

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7
Q

The “sit bones” where the hamstring muscles attach are the

A

ischial tuberosities

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8
Q

The ligament of the head of the femur attaches into the

A

acetabular fossa

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9
Q

The ____ separates the true from the false pelvis

A

arcuate line

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10
Q

The sacrum and the ilium articulate at the _____ and ___ of the sacrum to the ___ and ___ of the ilium

A

aricular surface and sacral tuberosity; auricular surface and iliac tuberosity

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11
Q

The ilium and pubis come together at the

A

iliopubic eminence

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12
Q

The symphysial surfaces of both sides come together anteriorly to create the

A

pubic symphyses

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13
Q

The sacroiliac joint is made up of the ___ and ___

A

anterior synovial joint and posterior syndesmosis

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14
Q

The anterior synovial joint is between the ___ and ___

A

auricular suface of sacrum and auricular surface of ilium

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15
Q

The posterior syndesmosis is between the ___ and ___

A

sacral tuberosity and iliac tuberosity

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16
Q

The movement at the sacroiliac joint is

A

nutation and counter-nutation

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17
Q

There are ___ sacroiliac ligaments. They are the ____, ___, ____, and ____

A

4; anterior sacroiliac ligament, interosseous and posterior sacroiliac ligaments, sacrospinous ligament, sacrotuberous ligament

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18
Q

The ligament is between the anterior part of the fibrous synovial capsule and the anterior auricular surfaces of sacrum and ilium

A

anterior sacroiliac ligament

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19
Q

The ligament from the tuberosity of sacrum to the tuberosity of the ilium

A

interosseous and posterior sacroiliac ligament

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20
Q

The ligament from the posterior surface of sacrum and coccyx to the ischial spine

A

Sacrospinous ligament

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21
Q

The ligament from the posterior surface of sacrum and coccyx to the ischial tuberosity

A

Sacrotuberous ligament

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22
Q

Weight is transferred via the

A

posterior and interosseous sacroiliac ligament

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23
Q

Excessive anterior rotation (nutation) of the sacrum is prevented by the ____ and ____ ligaments

A

sacrospinous and sacrotuberous

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24
Q

The pubic symphysis is a _____ joint with a _____

A

secondary cartilaginous; fibrocartilage interpubic disc

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25
Q

The _____ is between the two symphyseal surfaces of the pubic bones

A

pubic symphysis

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26
Q

Movement of the pubic symphysis:

A

pulls apart during childbirth and loosens slightly during menses

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27
Q

The ____ is between the apex of the sacrum and the base of the coccyx, with a disc in between

A

sacrococcygeal symphysis

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28
Q

The sacrococcygeal symphysis is a ____ joint

A

secondary cartilaginous

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29
Q

Movement of sacrococcygeal joint

A

none

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30
Q

The most proximal part of the femur is the

A

head

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31
Q

The most distal parts of the femur are the

A

condyles and epicondyles

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32
Q

The femur attaches into the

A

acetabulum of the hip bone

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33
Q

On the anterior surface of the femur between the trochanters is the ___

A

intertrochanteric line

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34
Q

The most superior portion of the medial epicondyle is the

A

adductor tubercle

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35
Q

On the posterior surface of the femur between the trochanters is the

A

intertrochanteric crest

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36
Q

From the lesser trochanter down to the mid-femur on the posterior side is the ____

A

pectineal line

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37
Q

From the greater trochanter down to the mid-femur on the posterior side is the ____

A

gluteal tuberosity

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38
Q

The pectineal line and gluteal tuberosity come together to form the _____ on the posterior side of the femur

A

linea aspera

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39
Q

Between the neck of the femur and greater trochanter on the posterior side is the

A

trochanteric fossa

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40
Q

The medial and lateral condyles of the femur articulate with the ____

A

tibial plateaus

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41
Q

The ACL and PCL attach at the ___

A

intercondylar fossa of femur

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42
Q

From the linea aspera down to the medial epicondyle is the ___

A

medial supracondylar line

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43
Q

From the linea aspera down to the lateral epicondyle is the ____

A

lateral supracondylar line

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44
Q

The primary ossificaiton center for the femur is the

A

body

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45
Q

The secondary ossification centers for the femur are for the ___

A

head, greater trochanter, lesser trochanter, and distal end

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46
Q

The hip joint is a ____ joint

A

ball and socket synovial

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47
Q

The head of the femur and the acetabulum create the ___ joint

A

hip joint

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48
Q

The movements at the hip joint are

A

flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation, and circumduction

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49
Q

The hip joint has __ ligaments. The ___, ___, and ____

A

3; iliofemoral, pubofemoral, ischiofemoral

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50
Q

Anterior and superior to the hip joint, between the AIIS and acetabular rim of ilium to the intertrochanteric line is the

A

iliofemoral ligament

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51
Q

Anterior and inferior to the hip joint, from the superior ramus of pubic bone to the joint capsule and iliofemoral ligament

A

Pubofemoral ligament

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52
Q

Posterior to the hip joint from the acetabular rim of the ischium to the femoral neck is the

A

ischiofemoral ligament

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53
Q

The sesamoid bone in the quadriceps tendon

A

patella

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54
Q

The patella has __ primary ossification center

A

1

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55
Q

The apex of the patella points

A

inferiorly

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56
Q

The anterior surface of the patella is ___ while the posterior surface of the patella is ___

A

rough; smooth

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57
Q

The posterior surface of the patella has the _____ which is larger, and the ____

A

lateral articular surface and medial articular surface

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58
Q

Surrounding the entire lower limb is the

A

deep fascia

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59
Q

Around the thigh is the

A

fascia lata

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60
Q

Around the leg is the

A

crural fascia

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61
Q

The thickening on the lateral surface of the fascia lata is the

A

IT band/ iliotibial tract

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62
Q

The anterior compartment of the thigh is innervated by the

A

femoral nerve

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63
Q

The medial compartment of the thigh is innervated by

A

obturator nerve

64
Q

The posterior compartment of the thigh is innervated by

A

sciatic nerve

65
Q

The sciatic nerve divides into the ____ and ___

A

tibial nerve and common fibular nerve

66
Q

From the femur to the iliotibial tract, separating the anterior and posterior compartments is the

A

lateral intermuscular septum

67
Q

The anterior and posterior compartments of the leg are separated by the

A

tibia

68
Q

The anterior compartment of the leg is innervated by the

A

deep fibular nerve

69
Q

The lateral compartment of the leg is innervated by the

A

superficial fibular nerve

70
Q

The posterior compartment of the leg is innervated by the

A

tibial nerve

71
Q

The external iliac artery becomes the femoral artery once it passes the

A

inguinal ligament

72
Q

The ___ passes through the femoral triangle and adductor canal

A

femoral artery

73
Q

The femoral artery continues as the popliteal artery in the popliteal fossa after passing through the

A

adductor hiatus

74
Q

The ____ supplies the thigh, leg, foot, superficial perineum, and inferior abdominal wall

A

femoral artery

75
Q

The femoral artery branches into the ____, ____, ____, and many other unnamed branches

A

superficial epigastric, superficial circumflex iliac, and external pudendal artery

76
Q

The ____ supplies the anterior perineum

A

external pudendal artery

77
Q

The ____ supplies posterior, medial, and lateral thigh, hip joint and surrounding muscles, and knee joint

A

deep femoral artery

78
Q

The main arterial supply of the lower leg is the ____

A

femoral artery

79
Q

The deep artery of the thigh branches into the ____ and multiple ____, as well as ___

A

medial femoral circumflex and perforating branches; lateral femoral circumflex

80
Q

The ____ supply posterior, medial, and lateral thigh

A

perforating branches of deep femoral artery

81
Q

The ____ supplies the hip joint and surrounding muscles

A

medial femoral circumflex

82
Q

The femoral head is supplied by the

A

branch off of medial femoral circumflex

83
Q

The medial femoral circumflex anastamoses with the ___ and ____

A

inferior gluteal artery and lateral femoral circumflex

84
Q

A branch off the medial circumflex femoral artery runs posteriorly to the ____ to enter into the ___

A

neck of the femur; head of the femur

85
Q

The lateral circumflex artery has ___ branches. The ___ and ___

A

2; transverse branch and descending branch

86
Q

The ____ supplies the hip joint and surrounding muscles

A

transverse branch of the lateral circumflex artery

87
Q

The ___ supplies the lateral thigh and knee

A

descending branch of the lateral circumflex artery

88
Q

The lateral circumflex branch of the deep femoral artery anastamoses with the ____ and ____

A

superior lateral genicular artery and descending genicular artery

89
Q

The transverse branch of the lateral circumflex anatamoses with the

A

medial circumflex

90
Q

The superficial veins that drain into the femoral vein include the ____, ____, ____, and ____

A

superficial epigastric v, superficial circumflex v, external pudendal v, and great saphenous v

91
Q

The ____ drains the superficial dorsum and medial surface of foot, superficial thigh, and superficial medial and anterior leg

A

great saphenous vein

92
Q

The ____ drains into the popliteal vein

A

small saphenous vein

93
Q

The ____ drains superficial plantar and lateral surfaces of foot and superficial posterior leg

A

small saphenous vein

94
Q

The dorsal arch of the foot drains into the ____ medially and the ____ laterally

A

great saphenous vein; small saphenous vein

95
Q

The plantar venous network drains into the ____

A

small saphenous vein

96
Q

The superior buttock is innervated by the

A

superior clunial nerve (post rami of L1-L3)

97
Q

The middle buttock is innervated by the

A

middle clunial nerves (post rami of S1-S3)

98
Q

The inferior buttock is innervated by the

A

inferior clunial nerves (ant rami of S1-S3)

99
Q

The inferior clunial nerves are branches off of the

A

posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh

100
Q

The cutaneous sensory of perianal skin and motor to external anal sphincter innervated by

A

inferior rectal nerve

101
Q

The inferior rectal nerve is a branch off of

A

pudendal nerve (ant rami S3-S4)

102
Q

The cutaneous sensory of perianal skin is by

A

anococcygeal nerves (ant rami of S4-Co1)

103
Q

The anococcygeal nerves are branches off of the

A

sacrococcygeal plexus

104
Q

The cutaneous sensory from skin of the inguinal region is

A

lateral cutaneous branch of iliohypogastric (L1) and ilioinguinal (L1)

105
Q

The cutaneous sensory from skin of the lateral thigh is

A

lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh (L2-L3)

106
Q

The cutaneous sensory from the skin of the posterior thigh is

A

posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh (S1-S3)

107
Q

The cutaneous sensory from the skin of the lateral leg is

A

lateral sural nerve (S1)

108
Q

The lateral sural nerve is a branch of the

A

common fibular nerve

109
Q

The cutaneous sensory from the skin of posterior leg and lateral foot is

A

medial sural nerve (S1-S2)

110
Q

The medial sural nerve is a branch of the

A

tibial nerve

111
Q

Cutaneous sensory from upper anterolateral thigh is from

A

lateral cutaneous branch of subcostal (T12)

112
Q

Cutaneous sensory from upper anterior thigh is from

A

genitofemoral n (L1-L2)

113
Q

Cutaneous sensory from anterior thigh is from

A

anterior cutaneous branches of femoral nerve (L2-L4)

114
Q

Cutaneous sensory from upper medial thigh is from

A

ilioinguinal nerve (L1)

115
Q

Cutaneous sensory from medial thigh is from

A

cutaneous branch of obturator nerve (L2-L4)

116
Q

Cutaneous sensory from anterior/medial leg and medial foot is from

A

saphenous nerve (L3-L4)

117
Q

The saphenous nerve is a branch off the

A

femoral nerve

118
Q

Cutaneous sensory from dorsum of foot is from

A

superficial fibular nerve (L4-S1)

119
Q

Cutaneous sensory from 1st interdigital cleft is from

A

deep fibular nerve (L5)

120
Q

Superior and middle buttock dermatome

A

posterior rami of L1-Co

121
Q

Inferior buttock and anal region dermatome

A

anterior rami of S1-Co

122
Q

Inguinal region and superior anterior thigh dermatome

A

anterior rami L1

123
Q

External genitalia dermatome

A

anterior rami L1, S2-S4

124
Q

Medial thigh dermatome

A

anterior rami L1-L3

125
Q

Anterior thigh dermatome

A

anterior rami L2-L4

126
Q

Lateral thigh dermatome

A

anterior rami L2-L5

127
Q

Posterior thigh dermatome

A

anterior rami S1-S2

128
Q

Medial leg dermatome

A

anterior rami L3-L4

129
Q

Anterior leg dermatome

A

anterior rami L4-L5

130
Q

Lateral leg dermatome

A

anterior rami L5-S1

131
Q

Posterior leg dermatome

A

anterior rami L5-S2

132
Q

Lateral foot and digit 5 dermatome

A

anterior rami S1

133
Q

Medial foot dermatome

A

anterior rami L4 and S2

134
Q

Dorsum of foot dermatome

A

anterior rami L4-S1

135
Q

Sole of foot dermatome

A

anterior rami L4-S2

136
Q

Heel dermatome

A

anterior rami L5-S2

137
Q

Medial 1/2 of digit 1 dermatome

A

anterior rami L4

138
Q

Digits 2-4 and lateral 1/2 of digit 1 dermatome

A

anterior rami L5

139
Q

The femoral triangle is bounded by the ____ superiorly

A

inguinal ligament

140
Q

The femoral triangle is bounded by the ___ medially

A

adductor longus muscle

141
Q

The femoral triangle is bounded by the ___ laterally

A

sartorius muscle

142
Q

The femoral triangle is bounded by the ___ and ___ posteriorly

A

iliopsoas and pectineus

143
Q

The contents of the femoral triangle from lateral to medial are the ___, ____, ____, and ________

A

femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein, and deep inguinal lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels

144
Q

Innervates the iliacus, pectineus, sartorius, and quadriceps femoris group

A

Femoral nerve

145
Q

Provides cutaneous sensory to the skin of the anterior thigh

A

Femoral nerve

146
Q

The saphenous nerve is a branch off of the ____ nerve

A

femoral

147
Q

Spinal cord level for femoral nerve

A

L2-L4

148
Q

Innervates skin of anterior/medial leg and medial foot

A

Saphenous nerve

149
Q

Innervates gracilis, obturator externus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor part of adductor magnus

A

Obturator nerve

150
Q

Provides cutaneous sensory of skin of medial thigh

A

Obturator nerve

151
Q

Spinal cord level for obturator nerve

A

Obturator nerve

152
Q

The canal from the apex of femoral triangle to adductor hiatus

A

Adductor canal

153
Q

What are the 4 structures in the adductor canal

A

Femoral artery, femoral vein, saphenous nerve, nerve to vastus medialis

154
Q

The muscle anterior and lateral to adductor canal

A

sartorius

155
Q

The muscle anterior and medial to adductor canal

A

vastus medialis

156
Q

The muscle posterior to adductor canal

A

adductor longus and magnus

Anatomy Exam 3 (9 decks)

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