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Anatomy Muscles > Lower Limb And Pelvis > Flashcards

Lower Limb And Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

Arterial supply of uterus

A

Ovarian artery from L2- supplies ovaries
Uterine artery from internal iliac- supplies uterine tube
Vaginal artery from internal iliac- supplies middle uterine tube
Internal pudendal form internal iliac- supplies cervix

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2
Q

Ovaries

A 
Broad ligament is anterior- posterior to ovaries 
Arterial supply form L2 aorta 
Ovarian vein into IVC on the right 
Ovarian vein into renal vein on left
Nerve- aortic plexus
Suspensory ligament- carries vessels 
Ligament of ovary
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3
Q

Position of uterus

A

Bladder empty- uterus antiflexion

Bladder fill- uterus anteversion

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4
Q

Uterus ligaments

A

2 forwards- pubocervical
2 backwards- sacralcervical
2 to both sides- transversecervical

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5
Q

Uterus arterial supply

A

Ovarian artery- suspensory ligament
Uterine artery- broad ligament
Suspensory ligament- ovarian artery, vein
Broad ligament- uterine artery form internal iliac

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6
Q

Uterus; broad ligament

A 
Over Fallopian tube- mesosalpinx
Over ovaries- mesovarium 
Over uterus- mesometrium
Broad ligament drain to external iliac lymph
Uterus-  internal iliac
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7
Q

Rectum arterial supply

A 
Superior rectal (inferior mesenteric)- portal vein
Middle rectal (internal iliac)- internal iliac vein
Inferior rectal (internal pudendal)- internal pudendal vein

Lymph: pararectal- inferior mesenteric- internal iliac
Nerve: inferior hypogastric plexus

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8
Q

Rectum

A

Transverse folds
Rectal ampulla (stool stored)
Anorectal junction

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9
Q

Bladder

A

2 superior vesicle artery
1 inferior vesicle artery/vaginal

Drainage of bladder and urethra- internal iliac lymph

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10
Q

Sphincters

A

Sphincter vesicae- internal, involuntary, neck of trigone

Sphincter urethrae- external, voluntary,

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11
Q

Clitoris

A

Crus- clitoris
Pudendal nerve and internal pudendal artery and vein
Pudendal n- dorsal nerve of the clitoris
Pudendal n- perineal n

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12
Q

Nerves of penis

A

Pudendal nerve- inferior rectal, superficial and deep perineal nerve
Perineal- scrotal branches
Dorsal of penis- deep perineal pouch

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13
Q

Male urethra

A

Pre-prostatic
Prostatic
Membranous
Penile (spongy)

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14
Q

Penis

A 
Corpus cavernosum (extension of Crura)
Corpus spongiosum (extension of bulb)
Urethra through corpus spongiosum
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15
Q

Perineal body

A

Urogenital diaphragm attaches to this

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16
Q

Non-erectile Muscles

A

Ischiocavernosus- around the side

Bulbospogiousus- labia or bulb

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17
Q

Erectile tissue muscles

A

Ischiocavrnosus- crura

Bulbospongiosus- bulb of penis/ bulb of vestibule

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18
Q

Superficial perineal pouch

A

Males- ischiocavenosus, bulbospongiosus, superficial transverse perineal
Females- urethra, vagina, clitoris, penis
Urethra and vagina also in deep pouch

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19
Q

Deep perineal pouch

A

Urethra
Sphincter urethrae
Deep transverse perineal muscles
Internal pudendal vessels and branches

Female also: vagina, dorsal nerves of clitoris
Males also: membranous urethra, dorsal nerves of penis, bulbourethral glands, penile arteries

20
Q

Urogenital triangle

A

Ischial tuberosities - pubic symphysis
Urogenital diaphragm- sphincter urethrae sandwiched between superficial and inferior fascia- membranous
Fuses together anteriorly but not to bone
Space for blood vessels
Superior Layer of fascia
Sphincter urethrae- deep perineal pouch
Inferior layer of fascia

21
Q

Eternal anal sphincter

A

Attaches to Perineal body
Closes anus with puborectalis
Nerve- inferior recal of pudendal (S2-4)
Has 3 parts; deep, superficial, subcutaneous
Artery- superior rectal - inferior mesenteric
Lymph- above pectinate line- internal iliac
Below pectinate line- superficial inguinal

22
Q

Anal canal

A

Internal anal sphincter- involuntary
External anal sphincter- voluntary
Anal columns- contains terminal branches of superior rectal
Rectum pierces pelvic floor- becomes anal canal

23
Q

Ischioanal (rectal) fossa

A

Walls- is hail tuberosity and rectum
Roof- levator ani
Floor- skin
Contents- branches of pudendal nerve, internal pudendal artery and vein, adipose tissue

24
Q

Anal triangle

A

Ischial tuberosity- coccyx= anal triangle

Ischial tuberosity- pubic symphysis= urogenital triangle

25
Q

Prostate glands

A

Under bladder
Secretes enzymes and acid
Ejaculatory duct- meets urethra inside
Arterial- internal pudendal, middle rectal, inferior vesicle
Veins- deep dorsal of penis- plexus- internal iliac
Ligament and muscle hold it in place- levator ani, pubo-prostatic ligament
Lymph- testis- testicular, skin- superficial inguinal node

26
Q

Seminal vesicles

A 
Ejaculatory duct (vas deferens joins here)
Arterial supply- inferior vesicle and prostate artery
27
Q

Vas deferens

A

Through inguinal canal- over the bladder- seminal vesicles= ejaculatory duct- urethra

28
Q

Posterior division of internal iliac

A

1st- iliolumbar
2nd- lateral sacral
3rd- superior gluteal

29
Q

Anterior division of internal iliac

A 
1st- umbillical- superior vesicle x2
2nd-obturator
3rd- inferior vesicle/uterine
4th- middle rectal 
5th- inferior gluteal
6th- internal pudendal 
Inferior vesicle- prostatic
Uterine- vaginal
30
Q

Vessels

A

L4 aorta divides- common iliac
Common iliac- internal and external iliac
Pelvis- internal
Internal iliac divides- anterior and posterior divisions

31
Q

Pudendal nerve

A 
S2-4
Levator ani
External anal and urethral sphincter
Bulbospongiosus 
Ishiocavrnosus
Transverse perineal Muscle 
Through greater and lesser sciatic notch
32
Q

Levator ani

A

Nerve S4 and pudendal

33
Q

Coocygeus

A

S4, 5

34
Q

Sacral plexus

A 
Superior gluteal L4, 5, S1
Inferior gluteal L5, S1, 2
Sciatic L4, 5, S1, 2
Pudendal S4-4
Nerve to obturator internus L5, S1
Nerve to piriformis S1-2
35
Q

Levator ani

A

Pubococcygeus
Iliococcygeus- attaches to fascia of obturator internus
Pubococcygues-puborectile (sling), levator prostate, pubovaginalis
Innervation- pudendal and nerve to levator ani

36
Q

Coccygeus

A

Ischial spine and sacrospinous ligament- attaches to
Flexes coccyx
Direct branch from sacral plexus S4-5

37
Q

Pelvic diaphragm

A

Levator ani and coccygeus (pelvic floor)
Prevents prolapse
Levator ani is the roof of anal triangle

38
Q

Psoas

A

Attach to T12-L4 of bodies and intervertebral discs
Flexes hip, bends trunk laterally, raises trunk from supinate position
L2-4 anterior rami

39
Q

Iliacus

A

Iliacus and Psoas- iliospoas
Iliospsoas joins lesser trochanter of femur
Flexes hip
Femoral nerve

40
Q

Ligament in pelvic wall

A

Sacrotaberous and sacrospinous ligament form greater and sciatic notch
Posterior sacroiliac ligament
Anterior sacroiliac ligament
Pubic symphysis= fibrocartilage

41
Q

Contents of the femoral triangle

A

Lateral to medial NAVL

Femoral nerve, artery, vein

42
Q

Deep fascia of the lower limb

A

Fascia latae thickens to form iliotibial tract

43
Q

Cutaneous nerves- anterior

A

Anterior cutaneous branches of femoral L2-4

44
Q

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

A 
Horizontal group- 
Medial: drain to anterior abdominal wall
Lateral: drain to posterior abdominal wall
Vertical group-
Drain to superficial lower limb
45
Q

Superficial vein

A

Great/long saphenous- medial, joins femoral vein
Short saphenous- plantar, posterior leg through roof of popliteal fossa, popliteal vein
Superficial epigastric- joins femoral, anterior thigh
Circumflex iliac- joins femoral
Accessory saphenous- joins femoral, going down

46
Q

Femoral, obturator and sciatic nerves

A

Femoral L2,3,4- anterior thigh
Obturator L2,3,4- medial thigh
Sciatic L4,5,S1-3- posterior thigh

47
Q

Pelvis- lower limb transition

A

Sciatic and gluteal nerve, artery, vein via great sciatic notch
Femoral nerve and vessels via sublingual space
Obturator nerve and vessels via obturator canal

Anatomy Muscles (8 decks)

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