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S&F > Lower Limb > Flashcards

Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

Hip Abductors

A

superior gluteal nerve

  1. glut medius
  2. glut min
  3. tensor fascia latae
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2
Q

Medial Rotators

A

superior gluteal nerve

  1. glut med
  2. glut min
  3. tensor fascia latae
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3
Q

Lateral Rotators

A
  1. obterator internus (nerve to OI)
  2. gemelies
    1. superior: nerve to OI
    2. inferior gem: nerve to QF
  3. quadratus femorus: nerve to QF
  4. piriformus: nerve to piriformus (some abduct abilities)
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4
Q

Hip Extensors

A

inferior gluteal nerve

  1. glut max
  2. (and hamstrings/post thigh)
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5
Q

Sciatic Nerve

A

comes through/above/below piriformus

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6
Q

Piriformus compression

A

piriformus muscle contracts around common fib divisio of sciatic nerve (foot drop)

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7
Q

Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve

A

posterior div fibers

Rami: L2-L3

Fxn: sensory around ASIS

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8
Q

Superior Gluteal Nerve

A

Post Div fibers

Rami: L4-S1

Fxn: motor of glut med, min, tensor fascia latae

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9
Q

Inferior Gluteal Nerve

A

Posterior Div Fibers

Rami: L5-S2

Fxn: motor of glut max

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10
Q

Nerve to Piriformus

A

posterior div fibers

rami: S1, S2
fxn: motor to piriformus

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11
Q

Nerve to Obterator Internus

A

ant div fibers

Rami: L5-S2

Fxn: motor to obterator internus and superior gemellus

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12
Q

Nerve to Quadatus Femoris

A

Ant div fibers

Rami: L4-S1

Fxn: motor to quad fem and inferior gemellus

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13
Q

Poterior Femoral Cutaneous Nerve

A

both ant and poterior nerve fibers

Rami: S1-S3

Fxn: sensory to posterior thigh

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14
Q

Femoral Nerve

A

Terminal Nerve

Post Div Fibers

Rami: L2-L4

Innervates anterior thigh

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15
Q

Obterator Nerve

A

Terminal Nerve

Ant Div Fibers

Rami: L2-L4

Innervates: medial thigh

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16
Q

Tibial Nerve

A

Ant Div fibers

Rami: L4-S3

Innervates: Post thigh, leg, sole of foot

17
Q

Common Fibular Nerve

A

Post Div Fibers

Rami: L4-S2

Innervates:

  • anterior leg (deep fib)
  • lateral leg (superficial fib)
18
Q

Anterior Thigh Compartment

A

Fxn: hip flex/ knee ext

Nerve: Femoral Nerve

  • illiopsoas (chief hip flex)
  • sartorius
  • quadrceps femorus
  • rectus femorus
19
Q

Medial Thigh Compartment

A

Fxn: Hip Adduction

Obterator Nerve

  • adductor brevis
  • adductor longus
  • gracilis
  • adductor magnus
  • obterator exernus
20
Q

Posterior Thigh Compartment

A

(Hamstrings)

  • *Tibial nerve
  • (except biceps short head)***

Hip ext + knee flxn

  • semitendiousus
  • semimembranosus
  • biceps femoris long head
  • biceps femoris short head (knee flexor only; common fibular nerve)
  • adductor magnus
21
Q

Popliteus Muscle

A

Unlocks the knee

  • Rotate medial to lock the knee
  • Rotate laterally to unlock the knee

pulls lateral chondyle backwards –> laterally rotates femur on the fixed tibia

22
Q

Anterior Leg Compartment

A

Art: Ant Tib

Nerve: Posterior division fibers
Deep Fibular Nerve

Fxn: Foot Dorsiflexn; digit extension

  • TA
  • EDL
  • EHL (deep but btwn TA and EDL in leg)

Ligaments by medial malleolus: T, D, a. v. n. H

23
Q

Lateral Leg Compartment

A

Fibular Art

Fxn: Eversion of foot

Nerve: Superficial Fibular

  • Fib Longus (lat/sup)
  • Fib Brevus (deep)
24
Q

Superficial Posterior Compartment

A

Artery: posterior tibial and fibular artery

Nerve: Tibial Nerve

Fxn: knee flex, foot plantar flexor

  • Gastroc
  • Soleus
  • Plantaris
25
Q

Deep Posterior Compartment

A

Art: Post Tib and Fib artery

Nerve: Tibial nerve

Fxn: foot plantar; digit flxn

  • poplitieus (knee unlocking)
  • TP
  • FHL (starts lateral; bigger than FDL)
  • FDL
26
Q

Inverters

A

TP (and TA)

27
Q

Medial Collatoral (Deltoid) Lig of Foot

A

Attaches to Tibia & Talus, Tibia and Calcaneus, Tibia & Navicular, Talus and Calcaneous

Fxn: provides medial support and resists EVersion

28
Q

Lateral Collateral Ligament

A

Attaches to Fibular and Talus, Calcaneus and Fibula

Provides lateral support of ankle

Resists INversion

29
Q

Spring Lig

(plantar calcaneonavicular)

A

Attaches to sustentaculum tali and navicular bone

Supports head of talus in TCN joing and provies elasticity to arch

30
Q

Long Plantar Lig

A

Attaches to calcaneous, cuboid, and lateral 3 metatarsals

Provides lateral arch support to foot

31
Q

Subtalar and Transverse Tarsal joints

A

Work together as a unit

subtalar: talus and calcaneous
transverse tarsal: talus, calcaneous, navicular

Responsible for inversion/eversion of the foot
*twising of hindfoot*

Forcible inversion of the foot: MECH OF INJURY INVOLVES MOVEMENT AT THE SUBTALAR AND TRANSVERSE TARSAL JOINTS

32
Q

Talocrual Joint

A

Talus and distal leg bones

fxn as tenon and mortise

dorsiflexion and plantar flexion (“pure hinge”)

a high ankle sprain would be whenthe distal leg bones become separated

S&F (4 decks)

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