Lower limb Flashcards
ACL
Anterior intercondylar area of tibia
Medial surface of lateral femoral condyle
Resists forward displacement of the tibia on the femur and becomes taut in hyperextension of the knee
PCL
Posterior part of the tibial intercondylar area
Lateral aspect of medial femoral condyle
Resisits backward displacement of tibia
Name the strongest hip ligament
Ilio - Femoral
Greater trochanter
Piriformis
Gluteus medius and minimus
Superior and inferior Gemelli
Obturator internus
Quadriceps femoris
Psoas major
Anterior rami of L1 - L4
T12- L4
LT
FLEX AND EXTERNAL
What muscles insert on iTB
Origin: Anterior part of iliac crest and lateral condyle of tibial distally.
Gluteus max and TFL
Stabilises knee in extension and partial flexion
Blood supply to head of femur
Retincular arteries
Medial femoral circumflex artery
Lateral femoral circumflex
ligamentum teres - obturator arteries
Adductor Magnus
Adductor:
- Arises from the ischiotubic ramus
- Inserts into lower gluteal line
Hamstring:
- Ischial tuberosity
-Adductor tubercle
Gluteus Maximus
Outer surface of the ileum
inserts into ilitibial tract and Gluteal Tubersoity
Inferior gluteal nerve L5 -S2
Exteneral rotation and Extension
Piriformis
Origin: Front surface of sacrum
Inserts: GT
Blood supply of talus
Posterior tibial, Dorsalis pedis adn fibular
Nerve supply of TFL
Superoir gluteal enrve
Role of gluteus medius
Stabilisation of hop and abduction
Biceps femoris
Long head - medial ischial tuberosity
Short head - lateral linea aspera
lateral tibial condyle
extend hip + flex knee
CPN
Foot drop and eversion
Losrr of dorsum
What type of joint is the ankle?
Synovial hinge joint
What supplies the ankle joint?
Deep and superficial peroneal nerves
Deltoid ligament
Superior = medial malleolous
Inferior = sustencallum tali, tuberosity of navicular, neck and body of talus, spring ligament
Sustenaticulm
MEDIAL CALCANUS
Linea aspera
One: Biceps femoris
Two: Vastus lateralis and Medialis
Three: Adductor Magnus, Adductor Longus and Adductor minimus
Femur blood supply
Retinicular arteries
Medial and lateral femoral circumflex
Ligamentum teres
Actions of hamstrings
Extension at hip
Flexion at knee
Biceps - lateral rotation
Semis -Medial rotation
supracondylar frcature
Popliteal artery is at risk
Extensor hallucis longus
Extends big toe, dorsiflexes foot and inversion
anterior tibioal artery and vein lie deep
How do nerves exit the vertebra
Through the intervertbral foramina
What types of joints are intervertebral
2nd cartilaginous
